Лекция: Неопределенный, определенный артикли

Задание. Изучите таблицу основных правил употребления артиклей.

Table 2.1.

Неопределенный артикль a (one) (с исчисляемыми существительными в единственном числе)	Определенный артикль the (неисчисляемые существительные в единственном числе и исчисляемые существительные во множественном числе)
I. Относит предмет к классу предметов 1. Tom sat down on a chair (какой-то, любой стул). 2. Ann needs a job (любая работа). 3. Have you got a car (какая-нибудь машина)? 4. My brother is an advocate (один адвокат из многих).	I. Конкретный, известный, определенный предмет 1. Tom sat down on the chair near the door (тот самый стул у двери). 2. Ann got the job she wanted (та самая работа, которую она хотела). 3. I cleaned the car yesterday (конкретная, моя машина). 4. The advocate made a speech (конкретный адвокат).
—	II. Культурные ситуации; уникальные объекты the light, the floor, the door, the police, the doctor; the sun, the moon, the earth
—	III. Вид, тип предметов The rose is my favourite flower. When was the telephone invented? Can you play the guitar?
—	IV. the + прилагательное the rich (богатые), the poor (бедные), the old / the young, the disabled (недееспособные), the unemployed (безработные), the injured (пострадавшие), the innocent (невиновные), the guilty (виновные)

Exercises.

I. Закончите предложения, используя неопределенный артикль (а, an) или “one” и следующие слова: ticket, investigator, car, sister, key, court.

1. I can drive, but I haven’t got … .

2. I’ve got three brothers, but I’ve only got … .

3. My father is … .

4. I can’t open this door. I haven’t got … .

5. I’ve only got … for the concert, not two.

6. There is only … in this town.

II. Закончите предложения, правильно используя артикли.

1. … Queen of England lives in Buckingham Palace in London.

2. Were you present at … trial yesterday?

3. … earth moves round … sun.

4. – What’s … capital of India?

– Delhi.

5. – What do you think of Jack?

– He is … very competent detective.

6. Turn on … light, please.

III. Заполните пропуски артиклями. Переведите предложения.

Model. There was aman and awoman in the room. Theman was English but the woman looked foreign. She was wearing a fur coat.

1. This morning I bought … newspaper and … magazine.

2. I saw … accident this morning. … car crashed into … wall. … driver of … car was not hurt but … car was badly damaged.

3. Did you read … look I gave you last week?

4. Did … police find … person who stole your bicycle?

5. … President of the United States made a speech in Congress.

6. … witness of … robbery was … old man.

IV. Закончите предложения, используя the+существительное (station, bank, sofa, post office, airport, police, dentist, doctor). Переведите предложения.

1. There were no chairs so we all had to sit on … .

2. As soon as I saw the fire, I called … .

3. I had a toothache, so I made an appointment with … .

4. Ann had to catch a train, so I took her to … .

5. We didn’t have any stamps, so we went to … .

6. When we found that someone had broken into our house, we called … .

7. Bill didn’t feel well and he decided to go to … .

8. We didn’t have any money, so we had to go to … .

9. The plane was delayed, so we had to wait at … for three hours.

V. Ответьте на вопросы, используя словарь.

Model. — What is you favourite flower?

— The rose.