Лекция: УРОК ЧЕТВЕРТЫЙ (THE FOURTH LESSON). 1 страница
Grammar: 1. Простое прошедшее время (Simple Past)
2. Неопределенные местоимения some, any.
3. Именные безличные предложения.
4. Сложносочиненные предложения.
Revision: 1. Оборот there is/are.
3.1.Глагол to be.
3.2.Many, much, few, little.
Text
A DAY OFF
It was Sunday yesterday. It was our day off. We got up at half past eight but it was still dark. In winter it gets light very late. At 10 o'clock we had breakfast. We had some coffee, ham, cheese and eggs for breakfast.
Then we went for a walk. It was so wonderful outside. There was a lot of snow in the streets. The air was frosty but it was not very cold. We had a good walk that morning.
On our way back my wife went to buy some bread and sugar. I went to the theatre box-office and bought two rickets for «The Three Sisters». It was on at the Art Theatre that night1.
We came back just in time for dinner2. After dinner my wife and children watched T.V. and I went through some magazines and newspapers.
At half past five my wife and I went to the theatre. The performance was wonderful and we liked it very much. It was over at a quarter past ten. We took a taxi, and in half an hour we were at home. It was already late. We had supper, listened to the news on the radio and went to bed.
AT THE THEATRE
At the theatre Mr. Camp meets Mr. Bunin during the interval.
Camp: Good evening, Mr. Bunin.
Bunin: Oh, Mr. Camp, this is a surprise3. Glad to see you4. How do you
like the performance? Camp: It's wonderful.
Bunin: Did you see any performance of the Moscow Art Theatre in London? Camp: No, I didn't. I wanted to see it very much but I couldn't get any
tickets. I heard a lot about this theatre. So I decided to go to this
theatre in Moscow.
COMMENTARY
1. It was on at the Art Theatre that night. —- Она (пьеса) шла в Художественном театре в тот вечер.
Если перед существительным, обозначающим время, стоит указательное местоимение this или that, то предлог в этом сочетании не употребляется. that night — в тот вечер that day — в тот день this Saturday — в эту субботу
8. We came back just in time for dinner. — Мы вернулись как раз к обеду.
9. This is a surprise! — Какой сюрприз! Какая неожиданность!
10. Glad to see you. = I'm glad to see you (разговорная форма) Рад вас видеть.
VOCABULARY
dark adj | темный | |||
It is dark in the room. | В комнате темно. | |||
season n | время года, сезон | |||
There are four seasons in the year. | В году четыре времени года. | |||
winter и | зима | |||
in winter | зимой | |||
The days are short in winter. But: this winter last winter | Зимой дни короткие. этой зимой прошлой зимой | |||
spring n | весна | |||
It is spring now. | Сейчас весна. | |||
in spring | весной | |||
summer n | лето | |||
in summer | летом | |||
The summer of 19… was very good. | Лето 19. года было очень хорошее | |||
autumn пin autumn | Осень, осень | |||
to get v | становиться (глагол-связка) | |||
to get light | светать | |||
It gets light at 5 now. | Сейчас светает в 5 часов | |||
to get dark | темнеть | |||
late adv | поздно | |||
to get old | стареть | |||
ant. early | рано | |||
some pron | несколько, некоторые, некоторое количество | |||
any pron | какой-либо, какой-нибудь, любой | |||
for prep | для, на | |||
Buy a newspaper for me. | Купи газету для меня, | |||
then adv | потом, затем, тогда | |||
to go for a walk (went, gone) | идти гулять, пойти на прогулку | |||
After breakfast they went for a walk. | После завтрака они пошли гулять, | |||
to walk v | идти пешком, гулять | |||
I usually walk to the office. | Я обычно хожу пешком на работу. | |||
so adv | так, такой | |||
So употребляется перед прилагательными и наречиями для усиления их значения.
It's so dark here. | Здесь так темно. | |
Не speaks English to well. | Он так хорошо говорит по-английски. | |
Wonderful adj | прекрасный, чудесный | |
She has a wonderful flat. | У нее чудесная кварта да. | |
wonderfully adv | прекрасно, чудесно | |
She speaks English wonderfully. | Она прекрасно говорит по-английски, | |
Outside adv | снаружи, вне помещения | |
Не went outside. — | Он вышел из помещения (на улицу). | |
Are there any people outside? | На улице есть люди? | |
Snow n | снег | |
Is there much snow outside? | На улице много снега? | |
street л | улица | |
in the street | на улице | |
What street do you live in? | На какой улице вы живете? | |
air и | воздух | |
There is a lot of air in this room. | В этой комнате много воздуха. | |
frosty adj | морозный | |
It's frosty to-day. | Сегодня морозно. | |
Cold adj | холодный | |
Warm adj | теплый | |
to have a walk (had, had) | прогуляться, погулять | |
We had a good walk. | Мы хорошо погуляли. | |
on one's way | по пути | |
on my way home | по дороге домой | |
on oar way here | по дороге сюда | |
on his way there | по дороге туда | |
on your way to the office | по дороге в контору | |
sugar | сахар | |
I don't like much sugar in my tea. | Я не люблю очень сладкий чай. | |
theatre | театр | |
the Bolshoi Theatre | Большой театр | |
She often goes to the theatre. | Она часто ходит в театр. | |
We were at the theatre yesterday. | Мы вчера были в театре. | |
box-office п | касса (в театре) | |
ticket | билет | |
Yesterday I bought a ticket for the 'heatre. | Вчера я купил билет в театр. | |
to be on (was, were, been) | идти (о пьесах, фильмах) | |
What is on at the Bolsboi Theatre to-day? | Что сегодня идет в Большом еатре? | |
the Art Theatre | Художественный театр | |
night л | ночь, вечер | |
That night I was not at home. | В тот вечер меня не было дома. | |
back adv | назад | |
to come back to go back to be back to give back on our way back | Возвращаться пойти обратно вернуться вернуть (что-то) на обратном пути | |
When can you give back my book? | Когда вы можете вернуть мою кн | |
I can give it back to you today. | Я могу вернуть ее вам сегодня. | |
in time adv | вовремя | |
Аll of them came in time, to watch T.V. «= to watch television | Они все пришли вовремя, смотреть телевизионную передача | |
In the evening she sometimes watches T.V. | Вечером она иногда смотрит тел зионную передачу | |
performance | спектакль | |
a ticket for a performance | ||
I bought a ticket for this performance yesterday. | Я купил билет на этот спектакль вчера. | |
to be oyer | заканчиваться | |
The performance was over at 9.15. | Спектакль закончился в 9.15. | |
to take a taxi (took, taken) | взять такси | |
We must take a taxi. | ||
in prep in half an hour in two and a half hours in two days in a quarter of an hour | через полчаса через два с половиной часа через два дня через четверть часа | |
late adj | поздний | |
It is late. We must go home. | Поздно. Мы должны идти домой. | |
to have supper | ужинать | |
When do you have sapper? | Когда вы ужинаете? | |
to listen v | слушать | |
to listen to | слушать кого-л., что-л. | |
Listen to me, please | Послушайте меня, пожалуйста. | |
Listen to the text, please. | Послушайте текст, пожалуйста. | |
news | новость, новости |
Слово news всегда употребляется в ед. числе.
This news is good | Это хорошая новость. Эти новости хорошие. | |||
radio п | радио | |||
I listened to good music on the radio last Sunday. | В прошлое воскресенье я слушала эту музыку по радио. | |||
to go to bed | ложиться спать | |||
I usually go to bed at И. | Я обычно ложусь спать в 21 часов | |||
interval и | антракт | |||
They met during the interval. | Они встретились во время антракта, | |||
surprise и | сюрприз, неожиданность | |||
to be glad | быть довольным, радоваться | |||
I'm always glad to meet you. | Я всегда рад вас видеть, | |||
to want v | хотеть | |||
I wanted to go to the theatre yesterday, but I couldn't buy a ticket. | Я хотел пойти в театр вчера, но я не смог купить билет. | |||
to get (got, got) v | доставать, получать | |||
When did you get my letter? | Когда вы получили мое письмо? | |||
I must get this book. | Мне нужно достать эту книгу, | |||
to bear (heard, beard) v | слышать | |||
Do you hear me well? | Вы меня слышите хорошо? | |||
I heard this news on the radio. | Я слышал эту новость по радио. | |||
Сравните:
to hear слышать
to listen слушать
We listened to him but we did not hear him. | Мы Слушали его, но мы не слышали его (из-за шума). | |
so adv | итак, поэтому | |
1 didn't see him yesterday so I couldn't tell him about it. | Я не видел его вчера, поэтому я не мог сказать ему об этом. | |
to decide v | решать | |
I decided not to go there to-day. | Я решил не ездить туда сегодня. | |
before | до | |
I came home before 6 o'clock. | Я пришел домой до 6 часов. | |
the day before yesterday | позавчера | |
the other day | на-днях (по отношению к прошлому) | |
last adv | в прошлый раз | |
last night | вчера вечером | |
tonight | сегодня вечером |
Grammar Exercises
Simple Past
I. Прочитайте вслух три формы неправильных глаголов и выучите их:
to take took taken
to find found found
to give gave given
to go went gone
to do did done
to see saw seen
to know knew known
to read read read
to speak spoke spoken
to write wrote written
to begin began begun
to get up got up got up
to put put put
to sit down sat down sat down
to sell sold sold
to buy bought bought
to bring brought brought
to come came come
to meet met met
to make made made
to be was, were been
to have had had
to send sent sent
to tell told told
to drink drank drunk
to eat ate eaten
can could
may might
II. Прочитайте и переведите следующие предложения:
1. When did you last see your friend? 2. The day before yesterday the engineers of our office met foreign businessmen to discuss business with them. 3. What language did you speak to foreign businessmen yesterday?
· The director of our office received French businessmen the other day.
· Last year Machinoexport did a lot of business with British firms.
· Did you meet the foreign businessmen yesterday morning? 7. Few engineers of our office spoke English last year.
Ш. Употребите следующие предложения в прошедшем времени и добавьте нужные по смыслу обстоятельства времени:
1. I get up at 7 o'clock. 2. Those economists and engineers have their German lessons on Monday. 3. I see them at the Ministry ,eyery day. 4. Who brings you the mail? 5. Their office can sell boilers to that French firm. 6. Our English lesson begins at half past eight. 7. We buy television-sets from that firm. 8. Mr. Volkov usually goes through the mail in the morning.
IV. Поставьте следующие предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную
форму:
1. They discussed the terms of delivery with them last week. 2. They received this flat five years ago. 3. She bought this television last Sunday. 4. His son went to the nursery school last year. 5. The director of the factory was at our office yesterday. 6. He spoke at the meeting about it. 7. They came home at a quarter to eleven. 8.1 sent her a letter the other day.
V. Ответьте на вопросы:
1. Did you get up at 8 o'clock on your last day off? 2. Did you shave in the morning or in the evening yesterday? 3. Did your friend telephone you yesterday? 4. Did your wife come home at six o'clock or at 7 o'clock yesterday? 5. When did you begin to work at the Ministry of Foreign Trade? 6. Where did you live seven years ago? 7. Whom did you meet the other day? 8. When did you last see your friend? 9. Who came to see you the day before yesterday? 10. Which of you did business with British firms last year? 11. Whose children began to learn English last year? 12. Who spoke at your meeting last Tuesday?
VI. Переведите на английский язык:
1. — Я звонил вам вчера вечером, но вас не было дома. Где вы были? — Я ездил за город навестить отца и вернулся очень поздно. 2. — Где вы жили три года тому назад? — Я жил в Киеве. Я там учился в институте. Теперь я инженер и работаю в Москве на большом заводе. 3. Мой друг начал изучать английский язык два года тому назад. Сейчас он хорошо говорит по-английски и может принимать представителей иностранных фирм. 4. Вчера мы получили много писем от разных фирм. Одно из писем — запрос на наше электрооборудование. 5. На прошлом уроке мы не писали упражнений. Мы обсуждали пятый текст и, отвечали на вопросы преподавателя. 6. На прошлой неделе наш директор заключил контракт с двумя фирмами. Мы продали им 10 котлов. 7. — Кто вчера дал вам наш номер телефона? — Ваш секретарь. 8. — Мне очень нравятся ваши новые часы. Когда вы их купили? — На-днях.
some, any, some of, any of
VII. Прочитайте и переведите следующие предложения:
1. Some engineers of our office learn French. 2. There are some catalogues on the table. 3. Did you make any contracts yesterday? 4. We did not receive any/cables from Nordon and Co. yesterday. 5. Have you any new magazines? Yes, t have some. (No, I haven't any.) 6. Is there any cheese on the plate? Yes, there is some. (No, there isn't any.) 7. We'd like to discuss some of the terms of the contract to-day. 8. Can you bring me any of those magazines? 9. You mustn't take any of these letters. 10. Do any of your friends work at our Ministry?
VIII. Поставьте следующие предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную
форму:
1. Не has some new English books. 2. There were some newspapers and magazines on that little table. 3. They can speak some foreign languages. 4. He knows some engineers of our office. 5. We sent some letters to foreign firms.yesterday. 6. There is some milk in the cup. 7. You can see some cables and telexes on that desk. 8. Our director received some businessmen the day before yesterday.
IX. Заполните пропуски местоимениями some, any:
1. There are… new words in this lesson. 2. There are not… letters on your desk. 3.1 have… other questions to ask you. 4. Have you… questions? 5.… of us learned English at school. 6. I haven't… pencils
and she has 7. Are there… price-lists on your desk? Yes, there are ....
8. Can you give me… magazines to read? 9.1 didn't see… of them yesterday. 10. The other day we sent… enquiries for furniture.
X. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. Do you know any engineers at Klachinoexport? 2. Does your
office sell any goods to Great Britain? 3. Do you buy any equipment from foreign firms? 4. Do any engineers of your office learn French? 5. Did you have any English lessons last week? 6. Are there any magazines on the shelf? 7. Have you any books about Novgorod? 8. Have you any English books at home? 9. Can you give me any magazines to read? 10. Would you like some tea or milk? 11. Are there any things on the table? 12. Was there any mail from Great Britain yesterday?
XI. Переведите на английский язык:
1. Некоторые студенты очень любят переводить с русского языка на английский. 2. Я не могу дать вам несколько французских книг. 3. Не берите со стола никаких вещей. 4. — Вам нравятся какие-нибудь из этих журналов? — Да, некоторые из них очень хорошие. 5. Несколько лет тому назад здесь была деревня. 6. Мне бы хотелось просмотреть некоторые прейскуранты.
Именные безличные предложения
XII. Прочитайте и переведите следующие предложения:
1. It is winter. It's very cold in Moscow in winter. 2. What time is it now? It's eleven. Oh, it's already late. I must go home. 3. It was frosty outside yesterday. 4. When does it usually get dark in Moscow in spring? It usually gets dark at half past 8 or at 9 o'clock in spring. 5. It is very light in this room. There is always a lot of sunshine here. 6. In winter it is usually still dark at half past eight. 7. When does it usually get warm in Moscow? 8. What time did it get light yesterday? 9. Was it cold yesterday? No, it was warm outside.
XIII. Ответьте на вопросы;
1. Is it winter or autumn now? Is it cold now? Was it cold at this time last year? 3. Is it frosty today? 4. When is it usually frosty? 5. When is it warm in Moscow? 6. When does it get light in Moscow in winter? 7. When does it get dark in Moscow in summer? 8. Is it morning now? 9. Is it early now? 10. Is it wonderful in Moscow now? 11. What season is it now?
XIV. Переведите на английский язык:
1. Уже половина десятого. Я должен идти на урок. 2. В прошлое воскресенье было не очень холодно, и мы с женой ездили за город.
· Вчера вечером на улице было чудесно, и мы хорошо погуляли.
· — В Москве рано темнеет зимой? — Да. В 4 часа дня. 5. Сейчас уже половина одиннадцатого. Мы должны закончить наш урок.
6. Уже поздно. Дети должны идти спать. 7. Сейчас не очень поздно.
Мы можем посмотреть телевизионную передачу. 8. — Сегодня хо
лодно? — Нет, сегодня очень тепло. Вы можете открыть окно.
II
Grammar and Vocabulary Exercises
XV. Поставьте вопросы к выделенным словам:
1. At 11 o'clock we went for a walk (2). 2. We decided to go to the country on Sunday (3) 3. There is a theatre box-office in that new building (1). 4. I had supper at home with my family yesterday (4). 5. Sergei bought three tickets for us (2). 6. My sister's daughter usually goes to bed at 9 o'clock (4).
7. In summer it gets dark at 10 o'clock in the evening (2). 8. I spoke to the
director of the factory on the phone yesterday (3).
XVI. Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол в нужной форме, и перескажите
текст:
1. It (to be) winter now. In winter the days (to be) short and the nights (to be) long. It (to get) light late and it (to get) dark early. There (to be) a lot of snow in the streets of Moscow in winter. It (to be) sometimes frosty in Moscow, but there (to be) not many cold days here.
2 It (to be) spring now. Yesterday (to be) my day off. I (to get up) at half past eight. There (to be) a lot of sunshine in the room. It usually (to get) light at 5 o'clock in spring. I (to come) up to the window and (to open) it. It (to be) warm outside. Then I (to go) to the bathroom to shave and to wash. At a quarter past nine I (to have) breakfast and at 10 o'clock my friend (to telephone) me. We (to decide) to go to see my friend's parents. They (to live) in the country. On our way there we (to speak) about our friends and our English lessons. In an hour and a half we (to be) there. His parents (to be) happy to see us. We (to have) dinner. Then we (to go) for a walk. It (to be) wonderful outside. We (to come) back in two hours and (to ,watch) T.V.
\
XVII. Заполните пропуски артиклями там, где это необходимо:
My friend and I often go to… theatre to see… new performances. We like going to… theatre on Saturday nights.
Last Saturday I finished… work at 3 o'clock and went home. I had… dinner and sat down in '.… easy-chair to read… newspaper. In half… hour I decided to go for a walk. It was… wonderful day.… air was cold.
There was… lot of snow in… streets. I had… nice walk and at ...
quarter to six I came back. I phoned my friend, and we decided to go to… theatre. We wanted to see… new performance «The Sixth of July». It was on at:'… .Art Theatre. We met at six o'clock, took… taxi and in… quarter of… hour we were at… theatre. We bought… tickets at… box-office and came into… theatre just in time for… performance. We liked… performance very much.
XVIII. Заполните пропуски предлогами, и перескажите текст:
Last Saturday «Little Dorrit» was the Art Theatre.'… his
way home Peter Belov went… — the theatre box-office and bought two tickets… the performance. It was already four o'clock… the afternoon.… half an hour he came home. Peter had dinner… his family and… six o'clock he and his wife were ready to go… the theatre. They came there just ,… time… the performance.
The performance was wonderful. They liked it very much.… the theatre Peter and his wife met some… their friends and spoke… them… the performance.
.'… half… ten the performance was over. It was not cold outside. So Peter and his wife decided not to take a taxi. They walked home.… eleven o'clock they came home, it was late, but they decided to listen… the news… the radio and then went… bed.
XIX. Заполните пропуски глаголами to hear, to listen to:
1. Can you… me well from there? 2. You must always… your teacher at the lessons. 3.1 usually… the news on the radio in the morning before work. 4. Did you… the 6 o'clock news? 5. I'm very sorry but I can't ...
you now. 6. Yesterday I… a lot about this new performance. Fd like to see it very much. 7. Can you… us now? We'd like to ask you some questions about London. 8. I'm sorry I didn't… the last word. 9. This is a surprise… it from you. 10. The other day I… some good music on the radio.
XX. Употребите оборот there is/are в правильной форме и нужном времени:
1.… sixty minutes in an hour. 2. ,… twelve months in a year. 3.… a lot of snow in Moscow in winter. 4.… not any cheese for breakfast today. 5.… a lot of people at the theatre last night. 6.… any bread for dinner? Yes,… some. 7.… some magazines on the table. You may take one of them. 8,… not many tickets for this performance at the box-office.
XXI. Употребите в правильной форме оборот there is/are или it is в настоящем
или прошедшем времени:
1.… a lot of people at the theatre last night. 2.… a frosty day. I am cold. 3.… a book on the table this morning. Where is it now? 4.… a wonderful performance. I liked it very much. 5.… some magazines on the table. Give me one, please. 6.… a lot of snow in the streets last winter. 1.… cold yesterday, and our children couldn't go for a walk. 8.… a lot of people near the booking-office a quarter of an hour ago.
XXII. Заполните пропуски словами much, many, tittle, few:
1, Was there… snow in Kiev last winter? Yes, there was. And it was very cold. 2. Do… people watch T/V in the evening? 3.… children watch T/V after 9 o'clock in the evening. 4.1 don't like… sugar in my tea.
· I'm sorry we have very… ham for breakfast, but we have a lot of cheese.
· We must go to the theatre in half an hour. We have very… time for dinner. 7. There were not… nice days in Moscow last autumn. 8. Mr. Larin doesn't know German well, but he studies very… now.