Реферат: Pyotr Kapitsa

                          Pyotr Kapitsa

     P. Kapita,an  outstanding  Soviet physicist,  was  born in

Kronstadt in the family of a general in 1894.  He  graduated from

the PetrogradPolytechnic Institute in 1919. Kapitsa took a great

interest inphysics while still at the institute.

     In 1921 Kapitsa was sent to Englandon  Lenin's  instructions

to renewscientific contacts. He worked in the  famous  Cavendish

Laboratory headedby Rutherford. Kapitsa was elected a member  of

the Royal Sociatyfor  his outstanding  scientific  work in  the

production oflarge magnetic fields.

     In the middle of 1930s he organized theInstitute of Physical

Problems nearMoscow. It was here  that  Kapitsa concetrated  his

attention onthe  research  of superlow  temperatures  of liquid

helium andsuperconductivity. He showed that helium conducted heat

so well becouseit flowed with remarkable ease.

     After the W.W.II his  scientific activity  was  directed to

space research.In 1950s Kapitsa also turned his attention to ball

lightning — aphenomenon in which plasma exists for a much longer

period than itwas supposed.

     Kapitsa was awarded a Nobel Prize forhis  great contribution

to world sciencein 1978. Today there are few names in the history

of phisics thatcan be placed next to his.

еще рефераты
Еще работы по иностранным языкам