Реферат: ADHD Essay Research Paper ADHD is attention
ADHD Essay, Research Paper
ADHD is attention deficit disorder accompanied by impassivity and over activity. Medical scientists think ADHD is caused by a chemical problem in the brain. The front part of the brain helps you pay attention, concentrate, organize things, and put breaks on impulsive or unacceptable behavior. People?s brains with ADHD may not be able to use the brain?s main signal senders, neurotransmitters, the way it is suppose to. The front part of the brain has very little to do with intelligence, so it is possible to be very smart and still have ADHD.
? 3-5% of school-age children are affected by ADHD. Hyperactivity is easy to spot, and more boys than girls tend to be hyperactivity. If one person in a family has ADHD, there is a good chance that someone else in the family had or has it too.? (Beal 10)
It is best to get evaluated for ADHD as early as possible. In most cases, someone at school, a teacher, counselor, or principal suggest a student be tested for ADHD. The evaluations usually take time and are done in two parts.
First a student takes one or more of the following tests: Intelligence? to help evaluate the students IQ and reasoning abilities. Achievement? to find the actual grade level the student is working at. Fine motor skills? to see if there are problems with the student?s hand-eye coordination and/or writing skills.
Then the student is evaluated. Parents are asked to describe their child?s behavior over a long period of time. The student?s teachers are asked to rate the student?s behavior using standardized forms, and to give their personal opinion of the student?s schoolwork and behavior. The student is asked what they think their problem is what their thoughts and feelings are and, what they do at home and school.
When all the information from the test, evaluations, and observations has been combined, a medical diagnosis is made. ?A diagnosis of ADHD is given only if the child has a life long history of these symptoms??: being easily distracted, difficulty listing, paying attention, and organizing, constant fidgeting, inability to participate in quite activities, and talking excessively.
?Treatment for ADHD is multimodal.? That means it uses a combination of things to help a person with ADHD focus attention and concentration, to minimize impulsive and hyperactive behavior; and to deal with the emotional, social, behavioral, and educational problems that are symptoms of ADHD.
Treatment usually starts with medication. ?Two major medications that are used are stimulants and antidepressants.? Medication will not control emotional or behavioral problems. Medication can improve your ability to concentrate and calm down. ?Medication seems to work for more than 90% of people who try them.? Of the stimulants, Ritalin, Dexedrine, and Cylert seem to be the medications that work the best for people. ?Between 70 and 75% of people with ADHD have success with these three medications.? The most common stimulants used to treat ADHD are Ritalin and Dexedrine.
The stimulants commonly used for ADHD have both pluses and minuses. The pluses include: increased ability to concentrate and focus, less over all restlessness and hyperactivity, less impulsive and aggressive behavior, and improved grades and social interaction. The minuses include; appetite and weight lost, inability to sleep through the night, headaches, stomachs, and increased hyperactivity.
For many people ADHD medication is not taken forever. Teens do not need to take medication on the weekends or during breaks. Some people with mild cases of ADHD seem to outgrow may symptoms in their last teens. When this happens they often stop taking the medication. ?Half the people who take medication for ADHD continue taking it, either regularly or when they are involved in special projects into adulthood.?
Another for of medication is counseling. Counseling is nothing more then talking. But talking puts your problems, hopes, dreads, and dreams into words. For most teens with ADHD, counseling is a very important part of managing their disability. Counseling is and important part of treatment for ADHD because it allows a student to blow off steam, help them see problems as they really are and helps them solve their problems.
?In order to get full benefits of a multimodal treatment plan people with ADHD need to combine counseling with behavior changes.? These changes replace the negative behaviors and attitudes that have built up over the years with positive ones. While counseling helps people get in touch with their thoughts and feelings, behavior modification helps them develop new behaviors to replace their old self.
Think of behavior modification as self-training. It helps a person with ADHD do the right things in everyday situations and in situations that are new to him or her. When a person is learning behavior modification techniques, they usually have to stop and think about every little move they make. After a while, the new ways of thinking and feeling and acting become so natural that they kick in on their own.
It is possible to change some behaviors on their own; it?s easier and faster to work with someone who can help them stick with the program. They could call the person their coach. A coach is someone who will help practice their new behavior skills, offer suggestions for achievement, help organize, recognize successes, and deal with failures. Your coach should be someone in you like, but he or she should also be a neutral person.
Learning strategies and techniques for the major symptoms of ADHD can turn things completely around at home. They make the home a lot less stressful because the child adds structure, order, and success to the parent?s life. Some techniques and strategies a child can try now that guaranteed to turn things around at home.
Get organized. It is easier to keep track of things and keep organize if similar things are stored together. Make lists. Once a day or week, make a list of the activities and chores? ranked from most important too least important. Always check things off so you will see what you have accomplished. Create routines. Do things that you have to do on a daily or weekly basis; at the same time in the same way, everytime you do them.
Students with ADHD have major problems at school. It also means that a teacher is often the first one to suggest a test for ADHD. ?Teachers can be your best allies if you have ADHD.? (Beal 35) Students with ADHD may need their teachers? understanding, cooperation, and classroom accommodations in order to do their best.
?If you have ADHD, it?s a good idea to make an appointment with all your teachers at the beginning of each school year.?(Beal 36) Talk to the teacher about your disability. With some teachers you can make a plan. This plan is a listing of the steps you are both going to take to help you succeed in class. Some study strategies that work for students and teachers are:
Sit in the front of the class so other students do not distract you, and the teacher can see when you don?t understand something. Take notes your way. When a class requires a lot of notes, write down important key words then borrow and photocopy a classmate’s of the teachers notes. Ask for extra time on test, and see if you can take them orally.
Academic success isn?t built only on what you do in the classroom. It?s built on homework too. There is a lot you can do at home to make sure that homework is done and turned in on time. Some of these ways are:
Create a school calendar. Use this calendar to write down important projects and test. This will allow you to pace your study time. Manage your time. Do only one assignment and break it down into smaller parts. Use aids to help you remember things. Use flash cards to help you study for test. Improve your proofreading skills. Always go over homework a second time.
?ADHD interfere with the ability to learn and interact with others, so the United States Department of Education (DOE) considers them disabilities. People with ADHD qualify for special, free services from their schools. Two U.S. laws, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act and the Vocational Rehabilitation Act guarantee this. In most Cases, their services include:
Medical diagnosis, by the school system of ADHD. Creation of individual educational programs with input from school counselors, teachers, school administrators, and parents to meet an ADHD students unique educational needs. Reasonable accommodations, such as seating changes, additional time for tests, or the substitution of oral for written work, to aid in educational performance.
ADHD is a medical disabilities, when they are managed they are definitely a handicap in the career world. Most well? paying jobs will require additional training after high school, like a junior college or four-year college. When you begin looking for a career keep two things in mind.
The career you choose should give you a chance to minimize your weaknesses and maximize your strengths, especially your unique ability to look at situations creatively and tap into high energy levels. With or without post? high school training, people with ADHD usually that require lots of hands on paper work. People with ADHD lend to be outgoing, high – energy, action? seeking people. Since they like excitement and new things, they may choose a career that gives them lots of freedom to move around at work.
With hard work and support, you will be able not only to get through school; but follow your hopes and dreams.