Реферат: Ex.5. Answer the questions.

1. What example is given of a market where sellers and buyers actually meet?
2. How are households’ decisions on what to buy reconciled?
3. Why do prices adjust?
4. What problems do markets and prices solve for society?
5. Why is the cafй owner in business?
6. Why don’t cafй owners have to pay high wages?
7. What makes society put resources into hamburger production?
8. How many markets are you involved in if you buy a hamburger?
9. In what way can prices guide your decision to buy some goods?
10. In what way can prices guide a person’s decision to take a job?

Grammar: Infinitive and gerund constructions.

As usual some verbs may take either infinitive or gerund without change of meaning.

• With begin, start, continue, cease either infinitive or gerund may be used without difference in meaning, but the infinitive is more usual with verbs of knowing and understanding and the verb matter: I began working./ I began to work.
• After can/could bear (chiefly used in the negative) either gerund or infinitive can be used: I can’t bear waiting/ to wait.
• After intend, an infinitive: I intend to sell it (more usual). The Infinitive is necessary when we have intend + object: I intend him to take over the department.
• With advise, allow, permit, recommend. If the person concerned is mentioned we use the Infinitive: He advised me to apply at once. But If the person is not mentioned, the gerund is used: He recommends buying the big tins.
• It needs/ requires/ wants can be followed either by the gerund or by the passive Infinitive, the gerund being the more usual: The grass wants cutting or The grass needs to be cut.
• Verbs which may take either Infinitive or gerund: forget, hate, like, love, prefer, propose, regret, try, used to, want.