Реферат: Университеты Германии

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Uni-Appell, sich an der Nicaragua-Hilfe zu beteiligen!
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Der Präsident der Universität Hamburg, 19. Februar 1999. Impressum.

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Здесь указана схема организации управления этим университетом (вследствии крупного размера данной схемы в оригинале он не помещается на странице в Wordиз-за этого ее надо рассматривать при 200% и больше)
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Здесь приводится несколько фотографий этого университета:
Река Альстер

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Жизнь на кампусе                             Главный корпус университета

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А теперь несколько слов о возможности обучения в данном университете иностранцев… В разделе General приводится информация о том, что необходимо, чтобы стать студентом, а в Law and Economics – описание одного из факультетов Гамбургского университета – Закон и Экономика.

International center for graduate studies

General

The International Center for Graduate Studies is organized on an interdepartmental basis by the Universitдt Hamburg.

The Universitдt Hamburg seeks to foster and pursue graduate studies and excellent research at the cutting edge of modern university education and scientific development.

It is committed to developing new areas of study in the execution of its underlying goal: the advancement of knowledge and scholarship.

In view of this the Universitдt Hamburg accords the field of interdisciplinary programs to all international students holding a qualified Bachelor's degree.

Study programs

Intercultural Studies— Educational Research, Social and Political Science, Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, Social and Cultural Anthropology, Comparative Religion Studies, Asian and African Studies, Psychology and History
Environmental Sciences — Earth Sciences, Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics, Information Science, Medicine, Social Sciences, Jurisprudence, Technology Assessment
Law and Economics — Economics, Jurisprudence
Life Sciences — Biology, Chemistry, Medicine
The Structure of Matter — Physics, Earth Sciences, Chemistry



Who can apply?

Graduates with a qualified Bachelor's degree (preferentially honors) and a solid background in one of the disciplines mentioned above to get a Master's degree Masters to study in the doctorate program

Duration of study

Master's degree program 4-6 semesters
Doctorate program

Language

The first and second semester courses are held in English, further courses in German. Foreign speakers are required to attend German language courses.

Housing

Students will be offered accommodation in a student's hostel.

Fees

DM 1300,- per month, this includes tuition, costs of housing, tutorial support and German language courses.

Financial Aid

Students may apply for grants in their home country or at the International Center for Graduate Studies

Admissions

Qualified Bachelor or German «Vordiplom»

Requirements

Good knowledge of the English language (equivalent to TOEFL points: min. 500).
Basic knowledge of the German language is recommended.

Deadline

July 1st, 1999. NB: Issue of visa may take up to 3 months

Application

For application form click here.
For further information please contact:



Law and Economics

Coordination: Prof. Dr. Rosemarie Mielke

In cooperation with the International Center for Graduate Studies and the Institute of Law and Economics, the «ERASMUS Program in Law and Economics» (www.jura.uni-hamburg.de/studieren/foreign/#Erasmus) is offered for postgraduates. The program is open to graduates in law and economics and leads within one year to the European Master in Law and Economics (EMLE). In case of exceptional qualifications an admission for students without an exam or diploma is possible.
In the center of the economic analysis of law, often called briefly «Law and Economics», are the processes and goals of influences on human behavior by norms which are determined by law. The program consists of three kinds of courses. In order to make law students more familiar with basic economic reasoning some courses are more economic in orientation. Some courses deal with comparative law in order to internalize legal background of the students. The third kind of courses deal directly with the economic analysis of the most important branches of private, public, international and European law.
The program covers one academic year. The courses start in the beginning of October and end in June. The academic year is subdivided into three terms. The first trimester can be studied in Hamburg or Rotterdam, the second in Hamburg or Ghent and for the third trimester students can choose between one of the nine participating European universities.
Important scientists like Prof. Dr. James Buchanan (Nobel Prize Award 1985) and Prof. Dr. Ronald Coase (Nobel Prize Award 1991) belong to the «Committee of Patronage» of the «Law and Economics Program».

Request for the more detailed «Student Guide» should be addressed to: Erasmus@nw01.rrz.uni-hamburg.de.



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Introduction
In cooperation with the International Center for Graduate Studies the Institute of Law and Economics and the «ERASMUS Program in Law and Economics» (www.jura.uni-hamburg.de/studieren/foreign/#Erasmus) for postgraduates is offered. The program is open to graduates in law and economics and leads within one year to the European Master in Law and Economics (EMLE). In case of exceptional qualifications an admission for students without an exam or diploma is possible.
The Law and Economics study program started as an ERASMUS Program in 1990 and will persist within the more comprehensive network of SOCRATES. SOCRATES stands for a contractual framework between the European Commission and European universities. Although SOCRATES is designed to support European integration, the program is also open for students from non-European countries.
For law studies, internationalization creates a specific problem. Due to the increasing importance of specific regulations regarding areas such as social security, industrial policy, protection of the environment, equal treatment of minority groups etc., the legal systems in the different European countries became increasingly divergent. As a consequence, law students and other students interested in law and institutions, who would like to supplement their studies with an international continuation, are faced with a problem. In order to compare rules and institutions, one needs a common standard. The economic analysis of law, often called briefly «Law and Economics» is certainly a good candidate as a standard for relevant comparison of law. Because economic science has developed a framework of theorems and concepts which are universally applicable to human behavior and human choice, economic theory constitutes an international standard «par excellence». In the center of this new scientific approach are the processes and goals of influencing human behavior by norms which are determined by law.
Important scientists like Prof. Dr. James Buchanan (Nobel Prize Award 1985) and Prof. Dr. Ronald Coase (Nobel Prize Award 1991) belong to the «Committee of Patronage» of the «Law and Economics Program».

Admission to the studies
(1) To the study in Law and Economics can be admitted who
1. successfully
a) passed the study of law or economics or business administration or another study with a legal or economic focus in the Federal Republic of Germany or
b) passed a study at a university out of the Federal Republic of Germany which is comparable with respect to its kind and its extent to the studies mentioned under letter a)
2. has sufficient knowledge in English in order to participate in the study and in order to pass the exams
3. can be expected to participate in the ERASMUS Program in Law and Economics successfully according to his or her previous performance so far.

(2) The requirement mentioned in subsection (1) number 1 can be neglected if the applicant is at an advanced level in one of the studies mentioned in subsection (1) number 1 a) and b) and if his or her results achieved so far are especially suitable in order to make a successful participation in the ERASMUS Program in Law and Economics expectable. In this case the exam is acknowledged to be passed if the study according to subsection (1) number 1 is finished successfully.

Curriculum
The program covers one academic year. The courses start in the beginning of October and end in June. The academic year is subdivided into three terms. The first trimester can be studied in Hamburg or Rotterdam, the second in Hamburg or Ghent and for the third trimester students can choose between one of the nine participating European universities.
The program consists of three kinds of courses. In order to make law students more familiar with basic economic reasoning some courses are more economic in orientation. Some courses deal with comparative law in order to internalize legal background of the students. The third kind of courses deal directly with the economic analysis of the most important branches of private, public, international and European law. The references to law in the courses will be of a comparative kind, due to the all-European character of the program and the international composition of the audience. Students will be confronted with examples of their own and other legal systems.
In the first term the Rotterdam and Hamburg courses have the same contents, although the materials used and the grouping of the materials in the courses may differ slightly. The same applies to the second term. This makes it possible to choose a second term university independent of the first choice.
The study embraces during the first two terms at least twelve hours per week and during the third term at least four hours per week. During the first term are offered as compulsory courses an introduction in the basic economic and legal methods of the Law and Economics approach, an introduction in the economic analysis of accident law, competition law and public law. During the second term are offered as compulsory courses an introduction in the economic analysis of property law, in the economic analysis of contract law, an introduction in the philosophical foundations of Law and Economics and a supplementary course in the economic analysis of public law. Furthermore, there are courses offered as compulsory choice which introduce in the economic analysis of other areas of law. During the third term further courses are offered at an advanced level according to the research and teaching areas of the participating universities.

Final exam
The final exam consists of term exams and a thesis. The exams and the thesis are written in English or in the language of the country in which the exams are taken. Each course leads to a separate exam which will be organized at the end of the term respectively the end of a course. The candidate is supposed to participate in ten term exams. The exams are in written form and last at least three hours. Each exam is graded on a scale of 10 to 0 points. The minimum of 50 points has to be obtained to pass the program and to get the degree.
The candidate has to write a thesis during the third term. The thesis is supposed to prove the ability to work in the field of Law and Economics in a scientific manner. The time for working on the thesis is four and a half months (1st April to 15th of August). The thesis is to be evaluated by the supervisor and an external examiner. The external examiner should be a member of a university different from that one of the supervisor. The thesis is graded on a scale of 30 to 0 points. The thesis is accepted, if the number of points obtained by both examiners is at least 24.
A final mark is deducted from the marks of the term exams and the mark of the thesis. For this the mark of the term exams, the mark for the thesis rewarded by the supervisor, and the mark for the thesis rewarded by the external examiner are added and thereafter divided by 16 and rounded to two digits. The resulting points range from 10 to 0. To pass the final exam in Law and Economics the final marks has to be at least 5.00 points.

Diploma and Certificate
After having passed the exam the candidate is awarded a diploma certifying that he or she is awarded the degree of a «European Master in Law and Economics (EMLE)». The diploma points to the interdisciplinary of the postgraduate study and to the universities which are involved in the teaching of the program. The certificate is written in English and contains the titles of the visited lectures, the names of the universities at which the candidate visited these lectures, the subject of the thesis as well as the final marks. In addition, a certificate is handed out, in which all marks of the term exams and the thesis are listed as well as the ranking of the candidate and the total number of participating students of the current academic year.

Request for the more detailed «Student Guide» should be addressed to: Erasmus@nw01.rrz.uni-hamburg.de.

More information may be obtained by

Ute Lewin-Bleeker
Sekretariat des ERASMUS Programms für Recht und Ökonomie
Binderstr. 34
D 20146 Hamburg
Phone +49 40 42838-5776

and the

Institut für Recht und Ökonomik
Fachbereich Rechtswissenschaft
Edmund-Siemers-Allee 1
D 20146 Hamburg
Phone +49 40 42838-5542
Erasmus@nw01.rrz.uni-hamburg.de

Last Update: January 23rd, 1999
Посчитав это интересным, я зашел на один сайт (http://www.iht.com/IHT/SUP/031997e/index.html), который рассказывает о международном обмене и возможности образования иностранных студентов в Университетах Германии и Австрии:
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«International Education in Germany and Austria» was produced in its entirety by the Advertising Department of the International Herald Tribune.
Writer: Terry Swartzberg, based in Munich.
Program Director: Bill Mahder.

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With support from:
American International School Salzburg Die Neue Schule Europe Sprachenschule Frankfurt International School Goethe Institut h.i.w Fremdsprachenschule ITM Prüfungszentrum des Goethe-Instituts Schule Birklehof Schule Schloss Salem Sprachen & Dolmetscher Institut München University of Maryland Vienna International School
International Education in Germany and Austria

Students Learn English, Spanish and German

For many Europeans, English and German are regarded as languages of business, and their rise is coming directly at the expense of other major foreign languages.
March 19, 1997 The Full Story

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Foreigners Prefer Privacy

A paradox of German education is that foreign students are shunning the state universities — and flocking to private institutions. The Ministry of Education reports that non-Germans now account for 8 percent of all students attending the country's institutes of higher learning. But according to Cologne's authoritative IWD (Institute der deutschen Wirtschaft) economic think-tank, some one-third of these «non-Germans» are in fact long-time residents of Germany who still hold foreign passports.
March 19, 1997 The Full Story

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