Учебное пособие: Методические указания для студентов заочного отделения (иностранный язык)

Методические указания

для студентов заочного отделения

(иностранный язык)

1. Введение

Обучение на заочном отделении строится прежде всего на самостоятельной работе студента. Работа под руководством преподавателя рассчитана на 20 учебных часов в год, которые используются для занятий в группе, в остальное время студент должен работать над языком самостоятельно.

Обучение иностранному языку в условиях неязыкового вуза заочного отделения предусматривает прежде всего приобретение и развитие у студента навыков, позволяющих читать на иностранном языке литературу со словарём по специальности, возможность использовать в своей работе специальную литературу на иностранном языке, а также обучить студентов использовать иностранный язык как средство коммуникации в различных сферах и ситуациях бытового и делового общения.

Настоящие методические указания должны помочь студенту-заочнику в его самостоятельной работе над приобретением и развитием практических навыков использования иностранного языка.

2. Общие положения

Студенты заочного отделения, как правило, изучают тот же иностранный язык, что и в среднем образовательном учреждении. Учитывая различный уровень подготовки студентов по иностранному языку, обучение происходит в соответствии с требованиями «Государственного образовательного стандарта» и «Рабочей программы по иностранному языку», но с учётом степени подготовки.

Успешное изучение иностранного языка возможно только при систематической самостоятельной работе над ним. Важную роль при этом играют накопление достаточного словарного запаса, знание грамматических конструкций и фонетического строя изучаемого языка.

Прежде всего необходимо научиться правильно произносить и читать слова и предложения. Чтобы научиться правильно произносить звуки и правильно читать тексты на иностранном языке, следует: во-первых, усвоить правила произношения отдельных букв и буквосочетаний, а также правила ударения в слове и в целом предложении; во-вторых, регулярно упражняться в чтении и произношении.

Для того чтобы научиться правильно читать. Понимать на слух иностранную речь, а также говорить на иностранном языке, следует широко использовать технические средства, сочетающие зрительное и звуковое восприятие: слушать аудиозаписи, смотреть видеофильмы на иностранном языке.

Для образования умений и навыков работы над текстом без словаря необходима регулярная и систематическая работа над накоплением запаса слов, а это в свою очередь, неизбежно связано с развитием навыков работы со словарём. Кроме того, для более точного понимания содержания текста рекомендуется использование грамматического и лексического анализа текста.

Работу над закреплением и обогащением лексического запаса рекомендуем строить следующим образом:

— Ознакомьтесь с работой со словарём – изучите построение словаря и систему условных обозначений;

— Выписывайте незнакомые слова в тетрадь или на карточки в исходной форме с соответствующей грамматической характеристикой, т.е. имена существтельные – в именительном падеже единственного числа, (для немецкого языка указывая определённый артикль, падежное окончание родительного падежа единственного числа, суффикс образования множественного числа); глаголы – в неопределённой форме (в инфинитиве), указывая для сильных и неправильных глаголов основные формы; прилагательные – в краткой форме.

— Записывая английское слово в его традиционной орфографии, напишите рядом в квадратных скобках его фонетическую транскрипцию (это же справедливо для ряда слов в других иностранных языках).

— Выписывайте и запоминайте в первую очередь наиболее употребительные глаголы, существительные, прилагательные и наречия, а также строевые слова (т.е. все местоимения, модальные и вспомогательные глаголы, предлоги, союзы и частицы).

— Учитывайте при переводе многозначность слов и выбирайте в словаре подходящее по значению русское слово, исходя из общего содержания переводимого текста.

— Выписывая так называемые интернациональные слова, обратите внимание на то, что наряду с частым совпадением значений слов в русском и иностранном языках бывает сильное расхождение в значениях слов.

— Эффективным средством расширения запаса слов служит знание способов словообразования в иностранном языке. Умея расчленить производное слово на корень, префикс и суффикс, легче определить значение неизвестного нового слова. Кроме того, зная значение наиболее употребительных префиксов и суффиксов, вы сможете без труда понять значение всех слов, образованных от одного корневого слова, которое вам известно.

— В каждом языке имеются специфические словосочетания, свойственные только данному языку. Эти устойчивые словосочетания (так называемые идиоматические выражения) являются неразрывным целым, значение которого не всегда можно уяснить путём перевода составляющих его слов. Устойчивые словосочетания одного языка не могут быть буквально переведены на другой язык. Такие выражения следует выписывать и заучивать наизусть целиком.

Для практического овладения иностранным языком, необходимо усвоить его структурные особенности, в особенности те, которые отличают его от русского языка. К таким особенностям относится, прежде всего, твёрдый порядок слов в предложении, а также некоторое число грамматических окончаний и словообразовательных суффиксов.

3. Внеаудиторное чтение

Кроме текстов учебника или учебного пособия и текстов выполненных контрольных работ, студент должен в обязательном порядке самостоятельно читать дополнительные тексты научно-популярного характера, статьи из газет и журналов и тексты по специальности широкого профиля. Чтение следует начинать с несложных облегчённых текстов, постепенно переходя к более сложным текстам.

Проверка дополнительного чтения проводится в форме:

— выборочного перевода текста;

— пересказа текста на русском или иностранном языке;

— проверки усвоения лексики;

— ответов на вопросы на иностранном языке.

Объём внеаудиторного чтения составляет 30 страниц в семестр. При сдаче дополнительного чтения студент может пользоваться выписанными из текста словами.

4. Выполнение контрольных работ

Контрольные задания по иностранному языку студент выполняет каждый семестр в соответствии с учебным планом вуза. Каждое контрольное задание даётся в четырёх вариантах. Вариант контрольного задания, которое студент должен выполнить, указывает преподаватель. Все остальные варианты можно использовать в качестве дополнительного материала для лучшей подготовки к зачёту или экзамену.

Письменные контрольные работы следует выполнять в отдельной тетради. На тетради должны быть написаны: фамилия, инициалы, группа студента, а также номер контрольной работы.

Работы должны быть написаны аккуратно, чётким почерком; при выполнении работы оставляйте поля для исправлений и замечаний.

При письменном переводе текста, текст на иностранном языке переписывать не нужно. Задания выполняются в той последовательности, в какой они даны в пособии.

Выполненные контрольные работы направляются в институт в установленные сроки для проверки. Если контрольная работа выполнена не в соответствии с указаниями или не полностью, она возвращается студенту без проверки.

5. Подготовка к экзаменам и зачётам

Зачёты и экзамены по иностранному языку проводятся в соответствии с учебным планом вуза.

В процессе подготовки к зачётам и экзаменам рекомендуется:

— повторить пройденный материал;

— повторно прочитать и перевести наиболее трудные пройденные тексты;

— просмотреть материал проверенных контрольных работ.

К зачёту допускаются студенты, выполнившие все устные и письменные работы, получившие зачёт по контрольным работам и сдавшие нормы внеаудиторного чтения за данный учебный период.

Зачёт сдаётся по следующей схеме:

1. Выразить своё мнение и ответить на вопросы преподавателя по одной из предложенных тем в рамках семестрового графика работы.

2. Выполнить письменный перевод 5 предложений с русского языка на иностранный (без словаря). Время перевода – 7 минут.

К экзамену по иностранному языку допускаются студенты, сдавшие зачёты за предшествующие курсы, получившие зачёт по контрольным работам и сдавшие нормы внеаудиторного чтения.

Требования к экзамену.

1. Ознакомиться с содержанием текста на иностранном языке объёмом 4000 печ. знаков, перевести на русский язык письменно указанный фрагмент текста объёмом 1800 печ. знаков (разрешается пользоваться словарём). Принять участие в беседе с преподавателем по содержанию текста и затронутым в нём проблемам. Время подготовки – 45 минут.

2. Выразить своё мнение и ответить на вопросы преподавателя по одной из предложенных тем в рамках программы.

3. Выполнить письменный перевод 5 предложений с русского языка на иностранный (без словаря). Время подготовки – 7 минут.

Контрольные работы

№ семестра	Грамматический материал
1	· Синтаксис. Простое предложение. Порядок слов. Главные/второстепенные члены предложения. Повествовательные (утвердительные, отрицательные), вопросительные (вопросы: общие, специальные, альтернативные, расчленительные), повелительные, восклицательные предложения. Отрицание: not/no. · Имя существительное. Существительные собственные и нарицательные, исчисляемые/неисчисляемые. Образование множественного числа. Падеж: общий/притяжательный. Определители существительного. · Местоимения: личные (Им.п., объектный, падеж), притяжательные, указательные, (some/any, much/many, little/few) · Артикли (a/an, the). Случаи употребления/неупотребления артиклей. Место артикля.
2	· Имя прилагательное. Степени сравнения. Переход прилагательных в существительные. Место прилагательного в предложении. · Имя числительное: количественное, порядковое, дробное. Глагол. Личные формы. Правильные/неправильные глаголы. Времена группы Simple, Continuous, Present Perfect. · Модальные глаголы: can (be able to, could), must (have to) · Повторение, систематизация и закрепление пройденного материала.
3	· Повторение пройденных времен и введение Past/Future Perfect, Perfect Continuous · Обращение прямой речи в косвенную повествовательных, вопросительных, повелительных предложений. Согласование времен. · Синтаксис. сложное предложение (Придаточные предложения времени и условия).
4	· Повторение пройденных модальных глаголов и введение may, might, ought, need · Местоимения: возвратные, абсолютные, неопределенные (some/any, either/neither, each/every, other, one). Систематизация и закрепление пройденного материала.
5	· Повторение пройденного материала. · Залог: действительный/страдательный · Глагол. Неличные формы. Инфинитив (употребление инфинитива в различных функциях, оборот «Complex Object », оборот «Именительный падеж с инфинитивом». · Герундий . Употребление герундия в различных функциях, способы перевода, употребление после предлога, без предлога, после существительного и местоимения. Формы (Voice: active/passive, tense: Simple/Perfect).
6	· Причастие . Виды причастий: Participle I, Participle II. · Условные предложения (conditional sentences): 1й, 2й, 3й типы. Употребление could, might в главной части условных предложений второго и третьего типа · Закрепление пройденного материала.

I семестр

Вариант A .

EX .1. Вставьте глагол TO BE в пропуски, используя Present Simple :

1. He _a travel agent.

2. She _at the office.

3. Like most service industries, tourism _labor -intensive.

4. What _the advantages of this season ?

5. Her friend_ a very busy person.

6. You_ a candidate for one of the post in our tour firm, aren’t you?

7. Travel agency business_ attractive to very many people.

8. A CV_ more acceptable if it is not hand-written.

9. The job of our tour operator_ well-paid.

10.The director_ busy now call later, please.

11.What_ your plans for this summer?

12.The tourist market_ competitive.

13.A CV_ not a list of facts.

14.What_ her main job task?

15.One of the most important aspects of her job_ keeping informed of the complex pricing policies of airlines.

EX .2. Составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

1. Many people among those traveling on business often combine pleasure with their work.

2. Visitors are people who cross the borders for various reasons.

3. A tour operator needs staff who can be flexible.

4. Many Europeans kiss each other on the cheeks.

5. Some of the hotel corporations operate on a franchise basis.

6. This resort contains a mixture of several different kinds of accommodation.

7. Camping reflects another trend in modern tourism.

8. Every year the auditors check out profit and loss accounts.

9. It takes us three months to negotiate all the conditions.

10. Today tourist hotels offer a combination of self-service and plate service for breakfast.

11. I hope you have a pleasant week.

12. The hotel is the traditional form of tourist accommodation .

13. Every year he spends much time in Spain .

14. We also often attend exhibitions.

15. He also feels conditions for business people traveling in Western Europe are very poor.

Ex .3. Раскройте скобки, употребив времена Present Simple

или Present Progressive :

1. Hotel and catering industry ( to consist) of hundred of thousands of hotels, restaurants.

2. The geographical structure of hotel industry ( to show) a great variation.

3. A hotel business ( to be) labor intensive.

4. The plane ( to land) in a few minutes.

5. We ( to open) a new chain of hotels for business travelers all over Europe.

6. They ( to work) with a new branch in West Street.

7. I ( to want) to see Walt Disney World.

8. Hotel industry ( to hold) a good future.

9. When the train usually ( to arrive)?

10.What packaged tours ( to offer)?

11. Don’t enter the room. The director ( to discuss) the ticket prices .

12.She ( to prefer) a 5 stars hotels.

13.They ( not to like) fast food restaurants.

14.He ( to write) the bill for you.

15. The barman ( to calculate) the dinner.

EX . 4. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык:

1. Вы уже посетили все исторические памятники Рима?

2. Мы только что узнали хорошую новость о работе волонтеров по защите окружающей среды.

3. Я еще не пробовал обратиться в авиа компанию Дельта по бронированию билетов на вторник.

4. Форсаж + — хорошая компания. Я ей доверяю, т.к. знаю ее уже давно.

5. Лина, я тебя давно не видел, с моей эмиграции в Канаду. Ты стала настоящей красавицей!

6. Мы еще не посетили Петергоф, а вы?

7. Я уже упаковал все вещи к походу в горы.

8. Ты взял все необходимое для похода: карту, компас, котелок, спальники, металлическую посуду и термос?

9. Она когда-нибудь пробовала Дунганскую кухню?

10.Самолет только что приземлился. Давай поторопимся в зал ожидания.

11.Вы внесли в декларацию все ценные вещи?

12.Дина, ты видела нашего гида? Я не могу ее найти.

13.К сожалению, директора нет на месте. Он сегодня улетел в командировку в Таиланд .

14.Алекс был когда-нибудь в Московском зоопарке?

15.Горничная только что прибрала мой номер, он такой чистый!

Ex .5. Раскройте скобки, употребляя Past Simple :

Death by tourism.

Does tourism ruin everything that it touches?

by Arnold Baker

At the entrance to one of the ruined temples of Petra in Jordan, there is an inscription chiseled into the soft red rock. It (look) as if it had been there for centuries. It( can )have been carved by one of King Herod’s soldiers, when they (be) imprisoned in the town in 40 BC. But closer inspection reveals that it (be) not so ancient after all. It (read): Shane and Wendy from Sydney (be) here. April 16th 1996.

The ruins of Petra were (discover) in 1810 by a Swiss explorer, and a recent report has just concluded that ‘they are in grave danger of being destroyed by the unstoppable march of tourism.’ More that 4,000 tourists a day tramp through Petra’s rocky tombs. They (wear) away the soft red sandstone to powder and (occasionally!) (scratch )their names into the rock.

Ex.6. Переведите текст на русский язык :

Tourist attractions.

Tourist attractions are places that tourists want to visit because they are interesting, beautiful or kiting. There are natural tourist attractions, like

wonderful mountains, lakes and rivers.

Millions of tourists travel to other countries each year to enjoy places like these. Then there are man-made attractions-theme parks, castles, and building of all kinds. Tourists visit Athens and Rome to see buildings from thousands of years ago. They also visit New York to look at more modern buildings, like the Empire State Building.

People visit theme parks to enjoy the roller-coasters and other exciting rides. The most popular theme park in the world is in Japan; it is Tokyo Disneyland, and it gets about 17 million visitors every year. In Fact, the six most popular theme parks in the world are all part of the Disney company.

Four of them are in the USA, one is in Japan, and one is in France.

In many countries there are national parks. These are natural tourist

attractions that the government controls. One of the most famous is Yosemite National Park in the USA. The national park that gets the most visitors in the world is Mount Fuji National Park in Japan.

Some kinds of tourist attraction bring tourists to a town or country for only a few days or weeks. The Olympic Games and the Football World

Cur are two examples.

Thousands of people travel to a country to watch these, so they are very important for the economy.

Ayers Rock is a natural tourist attraction in Australia, and visitors often climb it. But to the Aboriginal people in Australia, Ayers Rock is not a

tourist attraction; it has been an important part of their culture for a very long time. They call the rock ‘Uluru’ and they ask tourists not to climb it.

Вариант B

EX .1. Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол в Present Simple :

1. They always(go) to the Crimea on vacation.

2. Consulting firms also (play) a part in the tourism industry.

3. Many people (want) to work in tourism.

4. This job ( be) attractive to me.

5. A tour operator( employ ) all phases of tourism.

6. I ( work ) for a large tour firm.

7. They ( prefer ) mountains to the sea.

8. Our sister (be ) a stewardess she always (go ) on long flights.

9. The best thing about his job is that he ( get ) the chance to travel abroad.

10.It’s a pity. I ( not/ speak ) Turkish.

11.Today’s business people ( stay ) in expensive hotels.

12.What jobs he ( hope 0 to get in his firm?

13.Salou (have ) all the ingredients for a perfect seaside holiday.

14.They don’t really look forward to going on cruises because they ( get ) so seasick.

15.Where you ( prefer ) to spend summer?

EX .2. Поставьте слова в правильном порядке:

1. going/where/you/are?

2. taking off/the plane/is/in a few minutes?

3. am/for/I/ you/buying/a present.

4. following/they/are/the guide.

5. going/everybody in our family/to Scotland/ for Christmas/is?

6. Patrick/ for the nearest holiday/ trying/are/to save/ money?

7. calling/ to the clients/ the secretary/ is / in our office.

8. the president/ down/is /of/the plane/ the steps/is/ now/ coming.

9. his wife/ is/in the sun/lazing.

10. smoking/not/they/are/in the restaurant.

EX .3. Составьте вопросы к выделенным словам:

1. There are many conservation organizations around the world that are trying to help animals danger.

2. In Ecuador people are working to help bats and in many other countries animals, birds and plants need special help.

3. We are going to the museums in Washington where you can see all kinds of things: famous paintings and sculptures, the dresses of

4. Presidents 's wives, the original of the Declaration of Independence, the largest blue diamond in the world, etc.

5. It is becoming one of the largest cities in the world and the largest city in Europe.

6. Its population is increasing till 8 million.

7. London is getting one of the oldest and most interesting cities in the world.

8. The group is visiting The heart of London, the City , its financial and business centre.

9. People from all parts of the United States are coming to see their capital.

10. The stewardess is collecting boarding passes .

EX .4. Составьте предложения, используя данные слова. Не забудьте употребить Present Perfect :

1. travel/ alone/ Spain/ you?

2. visit/ he/ already/ places of interests.

3. show/the city/our guide/yet.

4. ship/port/arrive/already.

5. fill up /declaration/you/never/before.

6. ski/in the mountains/her daughter/this year.

7. raft/this summer/ team.

8. rockclimb /Nick/never in his life.

9. younger sister/ swim/ in the river/this year.

10.I/see/before/such/never/beautiful alpine Nature.

11.return/from a long trip/ we/just.

12.already/take part/Tourist Forum/our firm?

13.eco tourism/ popular/ become/ among /in our region.

14.organize/work/pollution/against/their ecological movement/already.

15.air/dirty/become/in big cities/bad breath/because of.

EX .5. Переведите следующие предложения с русского на английский

язык:

1. Когда я хочу устроиться на работу, я всегда заполняю специальные анкеты, присылаю своё резюме и рекомендательные письма.

2. Мы хотим поблагодарить вас за тёплый приём (гостеприимство).

3. Какую работу выполняет программный аналитик (программист)?

4. Каждый год школьники с нетерпением ждут летних каникул.

5. Политика государства в области туризма играет существенную роль в развитии необходимой инфраструктуры.

6. Стюардесса всегда приветствует пассажиров и помогает найти места в самолёте.

7. Крупные старинные города предлагают туристам окунуться в уникальную атмосферу.

8. Много туристов предпочитают экзотические направления: Африка, Непал, Средний Восток.

9. Люди сегодня путешествуют по разным причинам: одни ищут места, где можно отдохнуть, полежать на солнце, оздоровить свой организм; другие – страстные открыватели.

10. Каждый раз я привожу из-за границы множество сувениров для моих друзей.

11. Многие морские круизы стараются поддерживать атмосферу вечеринок, где вы насладитесь играми, танцами, костюмированными шоу.

12. Экскурсии – другая сторона туристического бизнеса, которая развивается быстрыми темпами.

13. Люди, которые провели свой отпуск в нашем отеле, возвращаются на Родину с тёплыми воспоминаниями о сервисе.

14. Его подруга работает на крупную туристическую фирму.

15. Я хочу съездить в этом году куда-нибудь в горы, так как люблю скалолазание.

Ex .6. Переведите текст на русский язык:

Eco-tourism.

Many people do not want to take an all-inclusive holiday because they want to learn about other countries and cultures .‘Eco-tourism’ is a modern word: it means traveling to places to learn about different cultures and environments Enjoying yourself is certainly part of these holidays, but education is important too. Today, eco-tourism is becoming more and more popular .Another way of thinking about eco-tourism is this: an ordinary tourist visits a country and asks, ‘What has this country got for me?’: an eco-tourism visits a country and asks, ‘What can I give to this country?’ For example, some eco-tourists, visit other countries (or other parts of their own country) to do conservation work. Their job is to help the environment, or to protect places, animal or plants that are in danger. The British Trust for Conservation Volunteers (BTCV) has working holidays in more than twenty different countries. The volunteers who go on these holidays work from nine o’clock in the morning until five o’clock in the afternoon! They build walls, clean beaches, and do a lot of other jobs to help the environment. Of course, in the evenings, the volunteers stop work and enjoy themselves like anyone on holiday. There are many conservation organizations around the world that are trying to help animals dander. For example, in Ecuador people are working to help bats and in many other countries animals, birds and plants need special help. Volunteers give the time and money to help this work. For them, it is a holiday-but to world is a better place because their work. Learning about life in other countries is another part of eco-tourism. SERVAS is an organization that helps people from different cultures to meet and spend time together. People who belong to the organization travel to different countries and stay at the homes of other SERVAS people. The organization hopes that, in this way, people will begin to understand one another better and the world will be a friendlier place.

SERVAS started in 1948, and today it has more than 14,000 families in 130 different countries. For them, it is a good way to travel the world and make new friends at the same time.

Вариант C .

EX .1. Трансформируйте данные предложения в отрицательную форму, переведите:

1. Trips to Florida cost about 1000 $ today.

2. Infrastructure means the facilities such airports, roads, water, electricity.

3. Climate is another determining motive for international tourism.

4. Excursionist tourism is important for small countries.

5. They have different motives for traveling.

6. I travel widely around the world .

7. Holiday resorts usually attract tourists because of their sunny beaches.

8. They have a very different impression of Ireland.

9. We also promote the tourism of Russia.

10.The majority of Germans who come are English speakers.

11.I don’t like long flights.

12.The person who leads such tours is the tour guide.

13.Most tour operators send the selected staff out at the beginning of the season.

14.Some tour operators advertise a training course for which you have to pay.

15.Most taxi drivers know the airport quite well.

EX .2. Переведите предложения на английский язык, употребляя глагол to BE в Present Simple :

1. Тур операторы — люди, формирующие тур пакет.

2. Мы в отеле.

3. Твой папа тур агент? – Нет, он- гид- переводчик.

4. Сочи- большой город-курорт.

5. Наш дядя сейчас на отдыхе.

6. Где наш сопровождающий? – Он у администратора отеля.

7. Вы консультант по бизнес поездкам?

8. Знание языков -желательно в индустрии туризма.

9. Туризм- быстроразвивающаяся индустрия.

10.Какие профессии в туризме хорошо оплачиваются в России?

11.Его подруга официантка.

12.Сопровождение групп- ее главная обязанность.

13.Многие успешные тур агенты- женщины.

14.Она не бармен. Она посудомойщица.

15.Я увлекаюсь горными лыжами, вот почему я сейчас на Уктусе .

EX .3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя Present Progressive , где необходимо:

1. I ( hope) to get a good job in tourism.

2. Why you (not/ eat) at the hotel restaurant?

3. They ( visit) their friends in Spain.

4. We ( change) our money.

5. You ( work) at the booking- office tonight?

6. Don’t bother him. He ( fill up) the documents for the trip.

7. Tourism( develop) in many countries.

8. A management contract stipulates that the operator(act) fully and completely as an agent of the owner and for the account of the owner.

9. Our conductor ( not/feel) well because of bad weather in London.

10.You ( know) where the Gates are?

11.Here is my passport and the declaration. I ( open) the luggage.

12.The delegation (meet) us in the public hall at 5.

13.What hotel you ( go ) stay in Egypt?

14.Everybody ( look ) at the pictures in the Hermitage now.

15.We (fasten) seatbelts while the pilot ( welcome) the passengers aboard.

EX.4. Раскройте скобки , употребив Present Perfect:

1. Anapa (become) a resort centre at the Black Sea.

2. You (see) your rooms in the hotel?

3. Malakhov (erect) a lot of monuments of the XIX century near the Historical Square.

4. Many travel companies (branch) out and (get) a lot of outlets within a city, a region, a country or throughout the world.

5. Such an outlet (provide) the same services as other outlets and the

head office of the travel company.

6. This clerk already (make) bookings, (sell) and (issue) tickets.

7. Of course the clerk (keep) in touch with the head office .

8. Their guide ( arrive) not yet.

9. My brother’s children ( buy) lots of cards with the views of Paris.

10.The plane ( crash) at the Heathrow airport.

Ex .6. Переведите текст на русский язык:

Tourism.

Over ten million tourists come to Britain each year. Most come from the United States, France, Germany, Japan, Italy and Spain.

Tourists don't come to Britain for beaches and sunshine. They come for history, culture, shopping and to practice their English. Most people go to London. There are lots of things to do and places to go to there — museums, theatres, art galleries and shops. The most popular tourist spots in London are the Tower of London and Madame Tussaud's Waxworks.

Outside London the most popular tourist destinations are Edinburgh, the capital city of Scotland; York, one of the oldest cities in the north of England; Oxford and Cambridge, with their ancient universities; and Stratford-upon-Avon, where Shakespeare was born.

Many people, especially young people, come to Britain to learn English at one of the thousands of language schools. Most of these schools are in the south of England, particularly in London, Oxford, Cambridge, Bournemouth and Brighton.

II Семестр.

Вариант A .

EX .1. Образуйте отрицательные предложения, используя Present Perfect и следующие данные о людях:

· Alice is a journalist.

· meet / a lot of famous people

— She_has_met_a_lot_of_famous_people.

· not be / on television

— She_hasn’t_been_on_televesion.

· Robert Swan is an explorer.

· be / North Pole

· __________________________________

· see / polar bears

· __________________________________

· never / get lost

· __________________________________

· Bill and Sophie are unemployed.

· not have / a job for six months

· __________________________________

· not have / a holiday since Christmas

· __________________________________

· not be / the cinema for a year

· __________________________________

· Sandra is a tennis player.

· play / since she was six

· __________________________________

· not win / a senior competition

· __________________________________

· never play / at Wimbledon

· __________________________________

EX .2. Составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам

Everybody knows that animals can save people’s lives. St Bernard dogs can find people who are lost in the snow, for example. But did you know that seals could stop people from drowning? Last week a lady fell into the sea. She couldn’t get back to thebeach. She was drowning. Suddenlysix seals swam towards her. They made a circle round her and held her close to some rocks. When the lifeboat people arrivedthey couldn’t believe their eyes. The lady was rescued and the seals swam away.

EX.3. Составьте предложения, используя Past Progressive и While :

1. ask the way/ flirt with the girls

2. have a shower/ have dinner

3. rent a car / pay the bill

4. go up stairs/ carry the suitcases

5. book tickets to Paris/ call our friends

6. look through the map/ plan an excursion

7. wait the train/ read the newspaper

8. discuss the problems with the customs/ look at the planes

9. check the luggage/ show my documents

10. go shopping/ go sightseeing

EX .4. Раскройте скобки, употребив, где необходимо Future Simple :

1. Trips to Florida (cost) about 2000 dollars.

2. The tourist industry (be) soon the largest industry in the world.

3. If I (lose) a quest on an excursion I (ring) to the hotel.

4. They (earn) more money if they (work) long hours.

5. What you (do) if you (become) a manager of Forte hotels.

6. If you have completed the registration form, I (give) the key.

7. If you (buy) a travel pass, you (pay) less.

8. Cheques (be) not accepted if they (be) accompanied by a check guarantee card.

9. As soon as they (reach) the resort call us.

10.When you (go) to the beach take a towel.

EX .5. Переведите следующие предложения с русского на английский язык.

1. Менеджер по туризму распланировал всю нашу поездку.

2. Раньше у нас в офисе был переводчик, а сейчас Джейн совмещает работу менеджера и переводчика, так как хорошо знает немецкий.

3. В прошлом году я работала гидом переводчиком в крупной туристической компании.

4. Вы занимались организацией автобусных туров?

5. Вчера мы заказали два билета до Киева.

6. Когда Ник был в Москве, то посетил Красную Площадь.

7. В прошлом году мы отдыхали на курорте Карловы Вары.

8. Я постарался объяснить прохожему, как пройти к Казанскому Собору.

9. Вы оплатили билеты неделю назад?

10.Передо мной лежали две сумки и чемодан Фреда, сам он исчез.

11.В поездке у нас возникли трудности с общением. Никто из нас не знал французского языка.

12.Мы не знали что выбрать. Рынок в Турции был полон разнообразным товаром.

13.Когда я вошла в свой номер, то обнаружила свой чемодан открытым.

14.Она намеревалась купить в Китае сувениры для своей семьи.

15.Мы загорали, купались и играли в волейбол на пляже.

Ex .6. Расположите части текста в правильном порядке. Переведите текст на русский язык:

Riding through Europe.

Doing it easy way.

1. The trip started just outside of Frankfurt, in a town called Hanau. Once everyone had arrived at the hotel, we had dinner together and got to know one another. We also got to meet our two tour guides, Rainer and Roland, as well as a trainee guide, Heiner.

2. Soon, however, we were back on the bikes, tooling down the autobahn to Austria. Each new road and vista was more incredible than the one before. Ausrian Alps, what a wonderful place! At this point I was really wishing my wife Ali had been able to come. She would have loved it here.

3. Last summer I took a wonderful tour through Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, and Switzerland on a rented 2001 Road King. These countries are rich in gorgeous vistas, outstanding secondary roads, centuries-old towns, and great places to stay and eat. Tat is, if you know where to go, which is why I went on World Tourer’s Central Europe Tour. Through I usually travel on my own, I went with a tour company this time for a number of very good reasons and they all have to do with the way World Tourer runs things. But the World Tourer sidebar will tell you all about that. What I want to talk about now are some of the roads I traveled and places I went.

4. Once we went the autobahn, we headed south at a comfortable pace through rural Germany on well-paved back roads. It was a perfect day for riding: sunny and in 70s and low 80s F. In short order, we were used to European road signs and driving habits, even through most of us didn’t bother to note what roads we were riding.

5. Our first stop this morning was at Mespelbrunn, which is one of the most picturesque castles in northern Bavaria and the home of the town’s mayor. After the castle tour we were back on the road and winding our way across Germany.

6. The next stop was the medieval town Miltenberg, along the river MAIN, where we had lunch and strolled the streets on our own, or with others of the tour. After a bit souvenir hunting, it was back on the road south to where we would spend the night: Rothenburg .Much of our afternoon riding was done on the Romantic Road which is wonderful to travel on!

7. The next morning, Monday, after we had breakfast and went over our route and stops for the day, we packed our day gear and assembled in front of the hotel. Then it was onto the autobahn ( German for a four-lane highway) to get away from the city and into the countryside. Rainer was leading today, with Heiner at the tail and Roland in the support van.

8. The next day, Friday, we quickly passed through Liechtenstein and into Switzerland. Unfortunately for me, this is my trip ended. I had to get back to the USA. So after breakfast, we said goodbyes and Roland and I headed on to Zurich in the support van, where I had to catch my plane home.

Вариант B .

EX .1. Составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

1. My friends will go to the expedition to the South next winter.

2. We will use the same transportation, accommodations as the holiday tourists.

3. Among them will be businessmen on specific missions.

4. Tourism will be a relatively main phenomenon in the world.

5. They want to enjoy our cultural heritage that’s why they will come here in a few days.

6. You’ll see many interesting views in that country.

7. Why will the tourists come to Sicily ?

8. You won’t take part in the exhibition because you won’t be here in 2 days.

9. If you like trips we will be able to go somewhere on holiday.

10. London will attract them by its beauty .

EX. 2 . Сделайте по образцу:

I’m tired (go to the hotel). Shall we go to the hotel?

1. I don’t remember the way to the station (show you the way there).

2. I’m afraid we’ll be late (take a taxi).

3. I want to go shopping (come into this shop).

4. I don’t like long trips (fly by plane).

5. I don’t know the word (consult the dictionary).

6. I want to go to the resort (buy tickets).

7. It’s very stuffy in the room (open the window).

8. I like music (go clubbing).

9. I’m sure Philip is hungry (go to the bistro).

10. We know Turkish badly (speak English).

Ex.3. Раскройте скобки , употребляя Future Progressive:

1. I (pack my suitcase) at 3 tomorrow.

2. They (work at the project) when you come.

3. Freddy (call the clients) at midday.

4. She (cook breakfast) for guests at 8 o’clock in the morning.

5. They (go in the mountains) when she returns.

6. We (lye on a sunny beach) at 2 o’clock in the afternoon.

7. The delegation (discuss the eco problems) tomorrow evening.

8. While Ronna (type a letter to a tour firm) I (prepare an account).

9. The director of a tour agency (give a speech about travel industry) at 6.

10. Journalists (take interview) when you come.

Ex . 4.Составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

1. When we called they were reading a magazine about travelling.

2. She was taking a longer boat trip to Hampton Court at 5 o’clock yesterday.

3. A friendly and helpful driver was driving our taxi.

4. Thousands of people were going to work or coming home again then and it was very difficult to move or to find a place to sit on the train.

5. In Ecuador people were working to help bats and it many other countries animals, birds and plants needed special help.

6. He was working in the tourist industry when I met him.

7. I was having a drink in a pub at 3 p.m.

8. Tourists were walking in the beautiful parks.

9. When we started our journey it was raining.

10. While we were swimming in the pool they were lazing in the sun.

11. Susan was packing when we came.

12. Herbert was waiting for the plane at 5 o’clock .

13. When he called Julia was dinning at the restaurant/

14. Puff was joking about dangers of travelling when the rain started.

15. Sue was living in France when her uncle died.

EX .5. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык:

1. Пока Джон спал, его родители упаковывали чемоданы для длинного путешествия по Северному Кавказу.

2. Мы пели, танцевали и веселились по поводу нашего возвращения домой, когда Лиза заглянула к нам в гости.

3. Роб нервничал, пока таможенник осматривал его багаж.

4. Сью предъявляла директору все необходимые документы для поездки на Дальний Восток в 5 часов.

5. Когда мы приехали в Санкт-Петербург, все отмечали День города.

6. Улицы были переполнены, толпы туристов с фотоаппаратами разгуливали повсюду в тот самый момент, когда по Красной Площади проезжала машина президента.

7. Когда я попросила принести мне еще один прибор, официантка мило улыбалась моему мужу, а тот в свою очередь делал ей какие-то знаки левой рукой.

8. Когда наши друзья застряли в лифте гостиницы, торжественный вечер для гостей начинался.

9. Пока Прилли принимала душ, я позвонил горничной и заказал ужин в номер.

10. Все гости радовались, когда в зал внесли громадный торт по случаю пятилетия нашей турфирмы.

11. Рита плакала и теребила свой билет до Мюнхена в тот самый момент, когда служащий аэропорта попросил пройти ее на посадку.

12. Бобби медленно застегивал свой чемодан, наверное он не хотел покидать этот райский уголок без Элис.

13. Когда подъехал наш автобус, шел дождь.

14. Мы отвечали на вопросы консула, пока наши друзья ожидали нас в коридоре.

15. Я только подъезжал к вокзалу, а поезд уже уходил .

Ex .6. Переведите текст на русский язык:

British traditional holidays

Great Britain is famous for its old traditions. Some of them existed in

ancient times and survived through centuries. Some of them appeared when

Christianity came to British isles. Speaking about religious holidays one can’t

but mention Easter, Pancake Day and Mother’s Day. The dates of these

holidays aren’t strict, they depend on the date of Easter, that varies every year.

Pancake day is the popular name for the Shrove Tuesday, the day

before the first day of Lent. In the middle ages people on that day made merry

and ate pancakes. The ingredients of pancakes are all forbidden by Church

during Lent, that is why they have to be used the day before. The most

common form of celebrating this day in the old times was the all town ball

game or tug-of-war, in which everyone was tearing here and there, trying to

get the ball or rope into their part of the city. Today the only custom, that is

observed throughout Britain is pancake eating.

For the English people the best-known name for the fourth in Lent

Sunday is Mothering Sunday or Mother’s Day. For 3 centuries this day has

been a day of small family gatherings when absent sons and daughters return to

their homes. Gifts are made to mothers by children of all ages. Flowers and

cakes are still traditional gifts. Violets and primroses are most popular flowers.

Sometimes the whole family goes to church and then there is a special dinner at

which roast lamb, rice-pudding and home-made wines and served.

Easter is one of the most important holidays in Christianity. In England

it’s a time for giving and receiving presents, mostly Easter eggs. We can say

that the egg is the most popular emblem of Easter, but spring-time flowers are

also used to stress the nature’s awakening. Nowadays there are a lot of

chocolate Easter eggs, having some small gifts inside. But a real hard-boiled

egg, decorated and painted in bright colours, still appears on breakfast tables

on Ester Day, or it’s hidden in the house or garden for children to finny. In egg

that is boiled really hard will last for years. Egg-rolling is a traditional Easter

pastime. You roll the eggs down a slope until they are cracked and broken,

after they are eaten up.

Вариант C .

EX .1. Объедините предложения, пользуясь предлогами в скобках:

1. She’ll pay me back. She’ll get some money. (as soon as)

She’ll_pay_me_back_as_soon_as_she_gets_some_money.

2. I’ll wait here. You’ll get back. (until)

_______________________________________________

3. Give me a ring. You’ll heal some news. (when)

_______________________________________________

4. The TV programme about adventures will end. I’ll do my homework. (after)

_______________________________________________

5. I’ll go to work. I’ll have a bath. (before)

_______________________________________________

6. She’ll be in Paris. She’ll visit friends. (while)

_______________________________________________

7. The lesson will end. I’ll go home. (as soon as)

_______________________________________________

8. I won’t leave the house. The postman will call. (until)

_______________________________________________

Ex.2. Вставьте где необходимо MUST, NEED’T, HAVE TO, OUGHT TO,

BE TO, SHOULD :

1) She’s crying. She_ be upset.

2) You _buy tickets beforehand.

3) Lilly _ come at 3. But she hasn’t come yet.

4) You _ be careful when you cross the street.

5) I_ return to the hotel because of the rain.

6) Tommy _ pump up the tyres.

7) You _stay in bed, you‘ve got a high temperature.

8) The excursion _ begin at 5.

9) Harry _learn French. He’s already known it.

10) Robert_ pass a driving test.

EX.3. Раскройте скобки , употребляя Present Simple, Future Simple, Present Progressive. Где необходимо добавьте : if, when, or as soon as.

British explorer Robin Drake says that the first international polar expedition (1)__________ (start) next March. They (2)___________ (try) to reach the North Pole on a

65 – day, 480 – mile journey. (3)_____________ Drake (4)_________ (succeed), he

(5)___________ (be) the first man to walk to both the North and South Poles.

Drake (6)__________ (go) on the Icewalk Expedition with navigator Alan Winterson.

(7)___________ they (8)________ (arrive) in Thule in northern Greenland, walkers from

the USA, Japan, Australia, Canada, and Italy (9)_________ (join) them. (10)_________

they (11)_________ (get) to their base camp, Eureka, inside the Arctic Circle, they

(12)___________ (have to) build huts to protect them from temperatures as low as minus 55

degrees Celsius.

‘We (13)__________ (do) a lot of experiments to see how much pollution there is in the area,’ said Robin. ‘The results (14)__________ (help) us to understand the effect.’

(15)__________ the weather (16)___________ (be) good enough, they (17)__________

(make) a film of the expedition. Robin said, ‘(18)_________ we (19)___________ (get)

back home, we (20)__________ (show) it to people all over the world.’

Ex .4. Составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

The day everything went wrong.

· It was a warm winter so icebergs floated into the Atlantic .

· There was a fire in the boiler room. The heat from the fire made the shop weak.

· Thelifeboat practice was cancelled so many sailors didn’t know how lifeboats worked.

· The sailors didn’t fill the lifeboats. Some left half empty. A lot of people drowned.

· There weren’t enough lifeboats for all the passengers.

· The captain received lots of warnings about the iceberg but he didn’t receive the most important warning. His ship hit the iceberg.

· The Titanic didn’t slow down when it got to the ice field. It crashed into the iceberg.

· A ship called Californian didn’t hear the Titanic ’s calls for help because its radio was switched off.

· Another ship called Carpathia heard the calls for help. Unfortunately it was a slow ship so it arrived an hour and twenty minutes after the Titanic had sink.

Ex .6. Переведите текст на русский язык:

Ecology .

Nature gives people everything they need for their lives. People have learnt to

use the soil, the water, the minerals on the earth and under the earth.

Forests are the lungs of the planet. They give us fresh air, from the forest we get

wood to build the houses, the furniture and what-not. Paper is also made from wood.

Can you imagine our life without a common piece of paper. No books, no newspapers.

Terrible, isn’t it? Most of our clothes are also made from natural material: leather, wool,

cotton.

People will simply die if nature is spoiled. It may sound strange, but no one does

more harm to nature than people do.

Plants and factories throw their wastes into seas and oceans, pollute water,

contaminate sea animals and fish. Some birds and animals have disappeared from the

earth in this century. People often killed them for their beautiful skins and feather.

But today there are people in all parts of the world who are trying to protect

wild animals and birds. There is even an international organization called “Green Peace”

. Reservations for rare plants and animals are set up in different parts of the world.

Hunting is not allowed there.

We all love our Earth. We love its green fields and forests, mountains, rivers and

lakes. We must take care of every thing that grows and lives on the Earth.

III Семестр

Вариант A .

EX .1. Дополните текст необходимыми по смыслу словами. Обратите внимание на употребление Present Perfect and Progressive:

I’ve never been to Paris.

‘You look brown. Have you________ on holiday?’

‘Yes, we’ve________ god back.’

‘_______ you heard? Jane’s________ a baby!’

‘_______ she?________ she come out hospital?’

‘No, not________.’

‘I’ve________ all my Christmas cards.’

‘What,________? But it’s only October!’

‘________anybody seen my glasses? I’ve ________them.’

‘No, we________.’

‘I________ worked here_______ two years.’

‘ _________ you? And how long________ you lived in London?’

‘_________ 1992.’

‘Where’s Nick?’ ‘He’s________ shopping.’

EX .2. Раскройте скобки, употребляя, где необходимо Future Perfect :

1. Her sister ( finish) packing the luggage by 10 o’clock.

2. They ( build) the new hotel by September.

3. Most libraries (have) a professionally educated staff by the end of the year whose first duty is to help you.

4. Librarians also (select and purchase) books and other materials, (organize) materials so that you can easily use them by February.

5. Every people (have) Internet at home by the end of 2005.

6. An even greater environmental threat (be) nuclear power stations by tomorrow.

7. People (realise) that environmental problems are not somebody else’s.

8. They (oin and support) various international organisations and green parties when you come

9. Perhaps we already(avoid) the disaster that threatens the natural world and all of us with it.

10. Overpopulation, pollution and energy consumption (creat) such planet-wide problems as massive deforestation, ozone depletion, acid rains and the global warming.

EX .3. Заполните пропуски, вставляя где необходимо : while , during , or for :

A Disastrous Sailing Holiday.

Bill and Simone Butler left Miami one summer weekend on their annual sailing holiday in their boat, Siboney. They wanted to sail round the Caribbean Sea (1)________ two weeks.

(2)________ their holiday, they saw a large group of whales. Bill and Simone were very excited.

Unfortunately, (3)_________ they were watching them, the whales began to hit the side of the boat.

Suddenly, water started flooding in, and they realized that they were in trouble. They quickly

jumped into the lifeboat (4)________ the boat was sinking, and watched it disappear under the sea.

Fortunately, they had enough food and water (5)_________ twenty days. They also had fishing

line and a machine which made salt water into drinking water. These two things helped them to

survive (6)_________ their terrible experience.

(7)________ the next 50 days they caught about ten fish a day and ate them raw. They saw about

twenty ships, but although they waved and shouted (8)_________ they were passing, nobody saw

them. They were becoming weaker and weaker. Then, just as they were beginning to lose hope, a

fishing boat rescued them. Their disastrous holiday was over.

EX .4. Составьте предложения, используя во второй части Past Perfect :

— Snapper couldn’t buy any present for his parents in Spain — spend all his money.

— Molly didn’t visit the Hermitage — lose her way in the city.

— Pad won a journey to Paris — write a good story.

— They stayed at home — car break down.

— We didn’t enjoy the tour — have uncomfortable buses.

— Dan didn’t fly — miss the flight.

— They went to an airfield — book some flying lessons.

— Thousand of tourists booked rooms in hotels — call there beforehand.

— We went to the football championship in England — buy tickets.

— Pipper wanted to go to Disney Land — see it on television.

EX .5. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык:

1. Ты не пришел на ужин в гостиницу, ты должно быть голоден.

2. Дина не должна ехать на экскурсию, у нее температура.

3. Я жду Тима уже 20 минут, он должен скоро подойти .

4. Стюардесса должна сейчас объявить высоту нашего полета.

5. Не опаздывайте, Самолет должен вылететь через 15 минут.

6. Алиса должна проверить запасы топлива. Нам предстоит длинная поездка.

7. Вы должно быть наш гид.

8. Горничная должна убирать номер 2 раза в день, пока она еще не приходила.

9. Я должен идти, мой автобус отходит через полчаса.

10. Когда мы пришли в зал ожидания, поезд уже прибыл на 3 платформу.

11. Горничная уже прибрала номер, когда Раиса вернулась к себе.

12. Я обнаружил что, потерял ключи от машины, которую мы взяли на прокат в Риме.

13. Им было интересно узнать, что Дэвид в школе учил русский язык.

14. Когда пилот попросил пассажиров пристегнуть ремни безопасности, я это уже сделал.

15. Экскурсия была совершенно мне неинтересна, т.к. я был в Спасе на Крови в прошлом году.

Ex .6. Переведите текст на русский язык, составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

Meals.

The usual meals in England are breakfast, lunch, tea, and dinner; or in simpler homes breakfast, dinner, tea, and supper.

In many countries on the Continent breakfast is a snack rather than a meal but the traditional English breakfast is a full meal. For breakfast some people have a plateful of corn-flakes with milk and sugar or a plateful of porridge to begin with, and if porridge is prepared in the proper Scottish manner, it is a tasty, economical and nourishing dish. English people eat porridge with milk or cream and sugar, but not a good Scotsman (and Scotland is the home of porridge) would ever put sugar on his porridge. Then comes at least one substantial course such as bacon and eggs, or sausages and bacon, or ham and eggs. For a change you may have a boiled egg or fried fish. Afterwards comes toast with butter and marmalade made from oranges. The meal is “washed down” with tea or coffee. Many English people now take such a full breakfast only on Sunday morning; on week-days they prefer to have a «Continental» breakfast of rolls and butter and coffee.

Lunch, served between half past twelve and half past one, is based on plain, simply-cooked food. Many employees and. business men in London usually find it impossible to come home for lunch and so take it in a canteen, or a cafe, or a restaurant, but those who are at home ge­nerally have cold mutton (left over from yesterday's dinner), ham with boiled or fried potatoes, salad and pickles with some pudding or fruit to follow.

English mutton is a treat and it is prepared in such a way, that you wouldn't know it is mutton. Salad is different from ours. You only get the clean green leaves and the so called «salad-dressing», a mixture of oil, vinegar, salt, pepper and mayonnaise, that you may take according to your taste. For lunch you may also have a mutton chop or steak and chips followed by biscuits and cheese and a cup of coffee. Some people like to drink water and light beer with lunch.

Afternoon tea follows between four and five o'clock. You can hardly call it a meal. This is not generally a formal meal. Instead of sitting round the table you have tea brought to you and you balance a cup on your knee or in your hand as you take thin buttered bread, pastries, cake or biscuits. Tea is the favourite beverage in England* It is very strong and mostly drunk with milk or cream and sugar. There are no «coffee-houses» in England but tea-rooms and luncheon-rooms there are in abundance.

There is nothing like an English tea-party, be it at home or in the open air. Such little at homes and outings do much to further sociability and make you feel on good terms with all the company in a short time which is very helpful to a foreigner in England.

Dinner which is about at 7 o’clock in the evening is the biggest meal of the day. It begins with some soup /English soup has nothing in common with our beet and cabbage or cabbage soup/, then fish, roast chicken, potatoes and vegetables and dessert. You may have beef­steak accompanied by roast potatoes, and a second vege­table (probably cabbage and carrots). English lamb chops make a very tasty dish, particularly when eaten with fresh spring peas, new potatoes and mint sauce. Apple pie is a favourite sweet, and English puddings are an excellent ending to a meal.

Вариант B .

EX .1. Отметьте, что случилось раньше:

— After they’d been shopping Tina decided to watch TV.

— They watched television

— They went shopping

— After they’d been to the museum Snapper and Nick bought some burgers.

— They bought some burgers.

— They went to the museum.

— Milly and Jane asked Bob a map because they’d lost it.

— They lost the map

— They asked him a map

— John’s friends bought him a present in the souvenir department because he hadn’t been very well.

— John wasn’t well

— His friends bought him a present

— Paula was angry because she had missed the train.

— Paula was angry

— Paula missed the train

EX.2. Раскройте скобки , употребляя где необходимо PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

Poisons in Food

Farmers (spray) chemicals on crops to protect them against pests for a long time. These chemicals are called pesticides. Scientists have found that pesticides often end up in our food. Pesticides can (cause) health problems-especially for kids. People (eat) these products for a lot of time. They don’t think about the damage caused by chemicals. But here's the good news:the government (help) farmers find ways to protect crops without using many pesticides since last year. Scientists (work) much about the new technologies in agriculture for some period.

EX .3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя, где необходимо Future Perfect :

1. Her sister ( finish) packing the luggage by 10 o’clock.

2. They ( build) the new hotel by September.

3. Most libraries (have) a professionally educated staff by the end of the year whose first duty is to help you.

4. Librarians also (select and purchase) books and other materials, (organize) materials so that you can easily use them by February.

5. Every people (have) Internet at home by the end of 2005.

6. An even greater environmental threat (be) nuclear power stations by tomorrow.

7. People (realize) that environmental problems are not somebody else’s.

8. They (support) various international organizations and green parties when you come

9. Perhaps we already(avoid) the disaster that threatens the natural world and all of us with it.

10. Overpopulation, pollution and energy consumption (create ) such planet-wide problems as massive deforestation, ozone depletion, acid rains and the global warming.

EX.4. Преобразуйте предложения в Reported speech :

“ I’ve got a stomachache”

He says that he’s got a stomachache.

1. I want to dive for pearls.

2. She likes fishing.

3. I don’t believe in aliens.

4. We’ll send a message to Pluto.

5. I’m in the office now.

6. Fred drives a red Ferrari.

7. I’ll go to Switzerland.

8. He connected the machine to my computer.

9. She was going to buy some measuring equipment.

10. That tour agency is on fire.

11. Our brother is cycling in Holland now.

12. I climbed Everest last week.

13. The Ancient Egyptians didn’t have modern tools to build Pyramids.

14. They are going on holidays next month.

15. It’s a star-catcher telescope.

Ex.5. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык:

1. Рыболовство играет издавно большую роль в экономике многих городов Севера.

2. Железные дороги в течении долгого времени пользуются особым вниманием со стороны государства.

3. С 14 ноября 1994 года действует регулярное железнодорожное сообщение между Парижем и Лондоном.

4. Уже много лет Бельгия располагает большими возможностями для размещения туристов.

5. С 1965 года значительно увеличилась протяженность автомагистралей по всей стране.

6. Уже многие годы туризм во Франции обеспечивает 1,5 млн. рабочих мест в своих структурах.

7. Мы уже полчаса ждем, когда привезут наш багаж, но его пока нет.

8. Я уже листаю этот журнал с рекламами туров уже почти час.

9. Со вчерашнего дня подорожали билеты на поезда.

10. Наш форум проходит уже здесь целую неделю, разве вы не знаете?

11. Крупный туроператор на Урале Джаз-Тревел занимается уже давно организацией поездок в Европу.

12. Мы упаковываем вещи в поездку с 12 часов.

13. Вы давно знаете Дину, она работает в той тур фирме?

14. Туризм в нашем регионе стал активно развиваться с 2000 года.

15. Уже полгода мы специализируемся поставками сувениров с Кубы.

Ex .6. Переведите текст на русский язык, составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

English meals.

Breakfast in a British hotel is a large meal. It usually begins with a choice of juices, porridge or cereal. Then comes the main course with a choice of bacon and eggs, ham and eggs, sausage, poached eggs, boiled eggs, scrambled eggs, or fish. Finally, there is a toast and marmalade. You may choose tea or coffee to drink, though in cheaper hotels you may be offered only tea. In more expensive hotels there is more choice at each stage.

Lunch in a simple hotel begins with soup, though in a more expensive one you usually have a choice of soups, fruit juices, or hors d'oeuvres. For the main course there are three main choices: cold meat and salad, fish, or roast meat and two vege­tables. Then there is a choice of sweets, such as hot apple tart, a hot milk pudding, cold fruit salad, or ice cream. If you wish to finish the meal with coffee, you must pay for it extra. In most hotels you may also drink wine or beer with your main course, but this also extra, and wine isexpen­sive in Britain.

At about five o'clock there is a very light meal called tea. This consists of a cup of tea and a cake. Tea is a favourite beverage in England. That is why there are no coffee-shops there, but tea-rooms and luncheon-rooms are in abundance.

Tea is made at the table. It is very strong and mostly drunk with sugar and cream.

In England "everything stops for tea". In the train you are sure of being able to get it, in the car you carry it in a flask. Even at theatre and cinema matinees, during the interval, ush­erettes move about carrying trays laden with cups and tea-pots.

Dinner in a hotel is very similar to lunch, except that there is usually more choice and it is more expensive. On the menu you may find some appetizers followed by clear soup, roast chicken, potatoes, vegetables and desserts. In an expensive hotel there is also often an extra fish course before the main course. All expensive hotel restaurants have specialties of the house, which are worth trying.

Choosing a meal can be a problem sometimes because many dishes may have unknown foreign names. Don't guess — ask the waiter to specify them for you and to advise on the menu.

Don't let the number of knives, forks and spoons confuse you. It is simple enough — use them in the order in which they are laid.

Вариант C .

Ex .1. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в скобках в необходимом времени:

This is your captain speaking…

On this afternoon’s flight, we will be flying at 35,000 feet.

I think we’ll fly at 25,000 feet today. No, I’ve changed my mind, we did that yesterday.

What about 50,000 feet? Maybe that’s a bit high.

I know, we’ll fly at 35,000 feet.

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen.

Welcome on board this British Airways flight to Rome. In a very short time, just as soon as we

(a)_________ (receive) permission, we (b)_________ (take off). When we (c)_________ (reach)

our cruising speed of 550 miles an hour, we (d)_________ (fly) at 35,000 feet. Our flight time

today is two and a half hours, so we (e)________ (be) in Rome in time for lunch!

The cabin crew (f)_________ (serve) refreshments during the flight so just sit back and relax.

We hope you (g)_________ (enjoy) the flight. If you (h)________ (need) any assistance, just

press the button and a flight attendant (i)________ (come) to help you.

(Later on during the flight)

If you (j)________ (look) out of the right- hand side of the plane, you (k)________ (see)

Mont Blanc.

In a few moments’time the crew (l)__________ (come) round with duty – free goods. We (m)________ also _________ (give out) immigration forms. When you (n)_______ (fill) them in,

please place them in your passport. They (o)________ (collect) as you (p)________ (go) through passport control.

In twenty minutes’ time we (q)________ (land). Please put your seats into the upright position.

You are requested to remain seated until the plane (r)________ (come) to a complete standstill.

Before you (s)________ (leave) the plane, look around to make sure you (t)_______ (not leave) any of your possessions behind you.

We hope you (u)_______ (fly) again soon with British Airways.

Ex .2. Составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

1. When we call they had been reading a magazine about travelling for 2 hours.

2. She had been taking a longer boat trip to Hampton Court since 11 o’clock yesterday.

3. A friendly and helpful driver had been driving our bus for the whole our trip to Kislovodsk last year..

4. After the waiter had brought a glass of mineral water I paid money.

5. When we came the excursion had already begun.

6. By the end of the month the hotel had been full of tourists because of the Tomatina.

7. The bus had come by 4 o’clock .

8. Jane had had dinner when her husband returned.

9. Lolly had already prepared for the trip when the guide called her.

10. The business trip had already been organized by September.

11. My friend asked the manager why the flight had been delayed.

12. It was interesting for me when he had bought all those gifts.

13. She knew that the steamer had broken.

14. I wondered why the guide had arrived late.

15. Kelly told us that she had alreadyvisited that palace before.

EX .3. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в Past Perfect :

· I (have) a problem with booking tickets.

· They (buy) 2 tickets to London.

· To live in a tent (be) very interesting for me.

· What way of traveling you (choose) when you (be) in Asia?

· You (have) anything to declare?

· I (give) him my passport and the declaration.

· They (stay) at a five-star hotel in a suit.

· The stewardess (show) me my seats.

· How you (get) there? – By bus.

· She (phone) to the office to take the information about the free lancers.

· I (like) travelling by plane.

1. The guide (not to know) all the sights in our destination. She (be) a local guide.

2. You (cooperate) with major tour operators a couple of years ago? – No, we didn’t.

3. Where you (find) your customers?

4. A month ago air company (put) a new tour together.

Ex .4. Составьте предложения, используя косвенную речь:

1. My sister has been traveling with this firm for a long time( he says..)

2. The train has been stopping here for 20 minutes.( they want to know…)

3. He’s been learning German since he was 12.( I know…)

4. I’ve been waiting for my flight for 50 minutes.( She says…)

5. We’ve been lazing in the sun since 12 o’clock. It’s time to return to the hotel.( Kelly announces…)

6. The waiter has been serving the clients since 4 o’ clock.( Gimmy agrees…)

7. The secretary ‘s been typing the necessary documents for 4 hours( the Boss forgets…)

8. We’ve been staying here for a week.( They cry…)

9. The director has been organizing this meeting for 2 days.( the secretary tells…)

10. George has been watching TV in the hall of the hotel since he lost his keys of the room.( Nelly says…)

11. Jane has been swimming in the pool of the hotel since you went shopping.( We note…)

12. They’ve been clubbing since they came to Ibiza.( Bob tells…)

13. Rulf has been smoking for 10 minutes since his girl friend left the room.( We tell…)

14. The stewardess has been offering drinks and snacks for a long time.( I explain…)

EX .5.Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык:

1. Покупательская способность в Англии возрастет в 2 раза к следующему году.

2. Когда вы подъедите в агентство, все документы будут уже готовы.

3. К 2006 году значительно увеличится протяженность пешеходных маршрутов.

4. Пассажирские перевозки на направлении Екатеринбург-Москва к следующему году подорожают.

5. К концу месяца мы организуем Форум по проблемам экологического туризма.

6. Наш регион к концу десятилетия станет самым посещаемым среди туристов.

7. Наши коллеги реализуют свой проект по въездному туризму уже в декабре.

8. Испанское консульство откроет свое представительство в нашем городе к концу года.

9. Когда мы получим ваш счет, сразу же дадим вам знать дату отправления.

10. Объем инвестиции, выделяемых государством на развитие туризма составит 500 млрд. долларов в следующем году.

11. Специалисты утверждают, что характер иммиграции изменится к 2005 году.

12. К началу следующего года средний доход жителя нашего города составит 570 долларов в месяц.

13. Я закончу работу по написанию и разработке тура, как только получу необходимые дополнительные сведения.

14. К середине недели к нам уже прибудет половина приглашенных гостей на открытие Нового развлекательного центра для иностранцев.

15. Я уже подготовлю анкету на оформление загран паспорта, когда ты подъедешь.

Ex .6. Переведите текст на русский язык, составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

«THE ENGLISH ARE HOT INTERESTED IN FOOD»

There are three foreign food centers in London: the Norwegian, the Icelandic and the German Food Centre. It was interesting tohear that all of these three countries had independently chosen London as the best place to start a new campaign to sell their food. Why should they have chosen London particularly? It is because here in Britain there is no standard of traditional excellence in cooking. Compared with food on the Continent, English food is already standardized, and, in general, rather dull and unimaginative. In a book of recipes I recently found the unkind description of the English way of cooking vegetables: «simply to boil them in salt water with little or no attempt to season them». But now many British housewives do not even find time to boil fresh vegetables. They are deserting their homes and kitchens to go out and become money-earners. Unlike the French housewife who has a special, French tradition to uphold, the English housewife is not ashamed to use frozen, canned or pre-cooked food " simply because it saves time.

So there is an enormous potential market here for we'll flavored prepared food, and foreign countries are beginning to exploit it. From their food centers, they are launching planned invasions of the British kitchen.

These food centers all seem to follow the same pattern. They each have a shop, where producers' goods are displayed and sold and a restaurant, where you can eat their special delicacies (you are served by natives who make you feel 31 that you are being given «the real thing»).

It seems a pity that, in order to have well flavored food,Britain must spend money on imports. However, anything that helps to convince the English that their food is tasteless deserves every encouragement.

IV Семестр.

Вариант A .

Ex .1. Составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

One of the most famous buildings in the world must be the Great Pyramid at Giza in Egypt. When you look at it, you realize that it must have been extremely difficult to build. Thousands of people must have worked on it. It’s enormous! Until the twentieth century it was the tallest building in the world. Building things now is quite easy. But it can’t have been easy for the Ancient Egyptians — they didn’t have electricity, or tractors, or lorries. So it must have taken a very long time to build, you’d think. But it didn’t- it only took thirty years!

Ex .2. Используя PRESENT PERFECT дополните текст следующими глаголами :

travel meet hunt have

ride see life be (x 4)

My grandfather is 96 years old, and he (1)__________ a long and interesting life.

He (2)_________ a lot, especially in the Far East.

He (3)_________ the Taj Mahal in India, and the Pyramids in Egypt.

He (4)_________ lions in Africa, and (5)_________ a camel across the Sahara Desert.

He says that the most beautiful place he (6)________ to is Kathmandu in Nepal.

He (7)_________ the Queen on several occasions. In 1959 he was a soldier in New Zealand

when she came to visit, and in 1972 he went to a garden party at Buckingham Palace.

He (8)_________ married twice. His first wife died when she was 32. He met his second wife

while he was traveling round France by bike. He and his wife, Eleanor, (9)________

married for 50 years, and they (10)_________ in the same cottage in the country since they

got married.

He says that he (11)_________ never_________ ill in his life. The secret of good health,

according to my grandfather, is exercise. He goes swimming every day.

He (12)________ this since he was a boy. He also has a glass of whisky every night! Perhaps that is his secret!

Ex .3. Замените выделенные слова синонимами или синонимическими выражениями, делая соответствующие изменения (соблюдая форму глагола и т.п.).

Перепишите текст :

The day everything went wrong.

· It was a warm winter so icebergsfloated into the Atlantic.

· There was a fire in the boiler room. The heat from the fire made the shop weak.

· The lifeboat practice was cancelled so many sailors didn’t know how lifeboats worked .

· The sailors didn’t fill the lifeboats. Some left half empty. A lot of people drowned.

· There weren’t enough lifeboats for all the passengers .

· The captain received lots of warnings about the iceberg but he didn’t receive the most important warning. His ship hit the iceberg.

· The Titanic didn’t slow down when it got to the ice field. It crashed into the iceberg.

· A ship called Californian didn’t hear the Titanic ’s calls for help because its radio was switched off.

· Another ship called Carpathia heard the calls for help. Unfortunately it was a slow ship so it arrived an hour and twenty minutes after the Titanic had sink.

Ex . 4. Используя модальный глагол CAN или CANNOT составьте предложения со следующими выражениями:

Why not go on holiday?

· Cycling in Holland

· Snorkeling in the Red Sea

· Rock-climbing in the Swiss Alps

· Bungee-jumping in Australia

· Riding in the South of France

· Wind- surfing in Greece

· Skiing in Austria

· Fishing in Ireland

· Sight-seeing in Italy

· Sailing in Spain

· Water- skiing in Turkey

Ex .5. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык:

1. Я — гид переводчик. Я работаю в туристской компании. Я занимаюсь туристскими группами. Я вожу экскурсии. Я часто отвечаю на вопросы туристов. Я много перевожу с одного языка на другой.
2. Чем занимается туроператор? Где он работает? — он работает с поставщиками и разрабатывает пакеты туров. Он реализует пакеты туров оптом. Иногда туроператор продает туры в розницу.
3. А кто такие аниматоры? Чем они занимаются? — аниматоры организуют и проводят развлекательные программы. Они вовлекают гостей в действие. Аниматоры очень артистичны. Обычно они очень общительные люди. Они хорошо говорят на родном и иностранных языках.
4. В вашем городе есть какие-либо туристические достопримечательности? — у нас в городе имеется выставка и несколько музеев. — какие музеи у вас в городе? — в городе есть два художественных музея.
5. Что находится на стеллажах у них в офисе? Там есть расписание на летний сезон? -на стеллажах находятся много бесплатных брошюр. Но там нет новейшего расписания.
6. Сколько служащих в этой туристской компании? — в этой компании имеется менеджер, несколько тур агентов и бухгалтер. — сколько у них сопровождающих гидов? — там нет гидов и сопровождающих. Менеджер нанимает их на работу только а высокий Сезон.
7. Лина отлично справилась с работой гида.
8. Поезд уже ушел. Мы опоздали.
9. Студенты нашего института уехали на стажировку на этой неделе.
10. Лейла произносила тост, когда в зал вошел менеджер по работе с клиентами.
11. Водитель распевал какую-то песенку, пока мы ехали в направлении аэропорта.
12. Они опоздали на поезд, так как они застряли в дорожной пробке.
13. Я заполнил анкету на выезд за границу, до того как оформил визу.
14. Когда подошла стюардесса, я уже как час спал в своем кресле.
15. Мы ждали поезд уже час, когда объявили о том, что поезд опаздывает еще на два часа.

Ex .6. Переведите текст на русский язык, составьте вопросительные альтернативные предложения к выделенным словам:

Ekaterinburg.

My native city is Ekaterinburg. It is the administrative centre of Sverdlovsk region, the capital of the Ural Federal District. By the order of Peter the Great Mr Tatischev Founded the city on the Iset River in 1723 and it has been the industrial centre of Russia for centuries.

Now it is the largest city in the Urals, a busy city full of character. The area of modern E. is about 49 thousands square. It is population is more than 1.300.000 people.

If you want feel the atmosphere of the ancient city, start off the superb city tamp. It is the historical centre of the city. While walking around this peaceful and relaxing monuments ( Tatischev and de Genin, the monument to the first plant – workers ). There you can also find the buildings and machine tools of the first metallurgical Hint and visit the museum of Regional Studies, the Museum of Fine Arts and a church.

Since its foundation E. has been an industrial centre. There are a lot of plants and factories famous all over the country and abroad. The Uralmash, the Khimmash and the Elmash plants among them.

E. is centre of science and culture. There are more then 30 institutes and universities, over 100 research institutes, the Ural Branch of the Academy of Science, 16 theatres, 14 cinemas, the Philharmonic Society, the Cireus, the 200, many libraries, museums and monuments in the city.

The central street of the city is the Main or Lenin Avenue. You can find there such impressive buildings as the Opera and Ballet Theatre, the Ural Mate University, the Iset Hotel, the Main Post Office, the Ural State Technical University and the others.

But E. has a lot of problems. The traffic there is terrible and we often have enormous traffic, jams. Because of plants and cars the pollution sometimes is very bad. Also, there is quite a lot of crime and some places are dangerous at night.

In spite of this our city is wonderful and I love it. There are lots of things to do and places to go.

Вариант B .

Ex .1. Дополните предложения словами every , each , many , all , those где необходимо:

· _people among those travelling on business often combine pleasure with their work.

· Visitors are_people who cross the borders for various reasons.

· _ tour operator needs staff who can be flexible.

· _Europeans kiss each other on the cheeks.

· _of the hotel corporations operate on a franchise basis.

· This resort contains a mixture of _different kinds of accommodation.

· Camping reflects _trend in modern tourism.

· _year the auditors check out profit and loss accounts.

· It takes us three months to negotiate _the conditions.

· Today _tourist hotels offer a combination of self-service and plate service for breakfast.

· I hope you will have _ pleasant weeks here.

· _hotel is the traditional form of tourist accommodation.

· _ year he spends much time in Spain.

· We also often attend _exhibitions.

· He also feels conditions for _business people travelling in Western Europe are very poor.

Ex .2. Выберите правильный вариант, перепишите предложения:

1. My friends will go to some/ any expedition to the South next winter.

2. We will not use some/any transportation, accommodations as the holiday tourists.

3. Among them will be businessmen on some/any/no specific missions.

4. Tourism will be a relatively main phenomenon in some/any regions of the world.

5. They want to enjoy our cultural heritage that’s why they will come here in some/any days.

6. You’ll see some/any interesting views in that country.

7. Why will the tourists come to some /any hotels of Sicily?

8. You won’t take part in some/any/no exhibition because you won’t be here in 2 days.

9. If you like trips we will be able to go some/any/no where on holiday.

10. London will attract some/any/no tourists by its beauty.

Ex .3. Составьте список вопросов и ответов, используя May :

May I see the Hermitage alone?-No, you may not.

· See the Hermitage alone-No

· Take some photos-Yes

· Not to come to the restaurant for dinner-Yes.

· Go shopping instead of visiting a museum-Yes

· Return to the hotel late-No

· Rent a car here-Yes

· Be late for the steamer-No

· Drink this cocktail here-Yes.

· Swim in the pool-No

· Buy lottery tickets-Yes

· Ask the way-Yes

Ex .4. Заполните пропуски, используя the past of must или can ’ t и глаголы в скобках.

1. It __ (take) a long time to build.

2. The workers __ ( build) it very quickly, can they?

3. The Egyptians __ ( have) tractors. They hadn’t been invented.

4. They __ ( use) thousands of workers.

5. The workers __ ( be) very tired at the end of each day.

6. Henna_( cry) in her room.

7. You_ ( leave) the train.

8. Your daddy_ ( be) a very famous scientist.

9. Helen _ ( wait) for holidays to go to Spain.

10. We_ ( make) mistake in the filling a tourist form.

Ex .5. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык:

1. Элен сейчас нет в офисе. Она ведет собрание по организации экотуризма в Альпийском регионе.
2. Мы с нетерпением ждем летних каникул, чтобы отправиться в Таиланд.
3. Они сейчас заняты, в данный момент обсуждают проблемы развития речного туризма на конференции.
4. Джейн плохо себя чувствует из-за перелета.
5. Теплоход отправляется через 10 минут. Поторопитесь!

1. Я еще не пробовал обратиться в авиа компанию Дельта по бронированию билетов на вторник.
2. Форсаж + — хорошая компания. Я ей доверяю, т.к. знаю ее уже давно.

1. Я только что развел костер, принеси котелок с кашей.
2. Сегодня я отправил все необходимые документы для оформления загран паспорта.
3. Лина отлично справилась с работой гида.
4. Поезд уже ушел. Мы опоздали.

12. Я уже листаю этот журнал с рекламами туров уже почти час.

13. Со вчерашнего дня подорожали билеты на поезда.

1. Она намеревалась купить в Китае сувениры для своей семьи.
2. Мы загорали, купались и играли в волейбол на пляже.

Ex .6. Переведите текст на русский язык, составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

Eco-tourism.

Many people do not want to take an all-inclusive holiday because they want to learn about other countries and cultures. ‘Eco-tourism’ is a modern word: it means traveling to places to learn about different cultures and environments Enjoying yourself is certainly part of these holidays, but education is important too. Today, eco-tourism is becoming more and

more popular.

Another way of thinking about eco-tourism is this: an ordinary tourist visits a country and asks, ‘What has this country got for me?’: an eco-tourism visits a country and asks, ‘What can I give to this country?’ For example, some eco-tourists, visit other countries (or other parts of their own country) to do conservation work.Their job is to help the environment, or to protect places, animal or plants that are in danger.

The British Trust for Conservation Volunteers (BTCV) has working holidays in

more than twenty different countries. The volunteers who go on these holidays work from nine o’clock in the morning until five o’clock in the afternoon! They build walls, clean beaches, and do a lot of other jobs to help the environment. Of course, in the evenings, the volunteers stop work and enjoy themselves like anyone on holiday.

There are many conservation organizations around the world that are trying to help animals dander. For example, in Ecuador people are working to help bats and in many other countries animals, birds and plants need special help. Volunteers give the time and money to help this work. For them, it is a holiday-but to world is a better place because their work.

Learning about life in other countries is another part of eco-tourism. SERVAS is an organization that helpspeople from different cultures to meet and spend time together. People who belong to the organization travel to different countries and stay at the homes of other SERVAS people. The organization hopes that, in this way, people will begin to understand one another better and the world will be a friendlier place.

SERVAS started in 1948, and today it has more than 14,000 families in 130 different countries. For them, it is a good way to travel the world and make new friends at the same time.

Вариант C .

EX .1. Прочитайте текст, вычеркните неправильную форму глагола:

The world’s highest dustman.

David Clark, 25, (a ) lives / is living most of the time in York with his parents, but he is also the world’s first mountaineering dustman. He (b ) has already been making / has already made two trips to Mount Everest to collect rubbish left by expeditions there, and now he (c ) aims /’ s aiming to be the youngest person to climb the world’s highest mountain.

It was while he (d ) worked / was working in a climbing equipment shop that he (e ) heard / was hearing about the rubbish left on Everest. He (f ) was looking / looked for something really challenging to do and he liked the idea of being a dustman with a difference.

He is amazed at the type of junk he (g ) has found / has been finding. At 17,000 ft he (h ) came / was coming across cornflake packets, empty caviar tins, and hundreds of hypodermic needles and syringes. So far he (i ) has been collecting / has collected enough rubbish to cover three football pitches.

For the last six months David (j ) has prepared / has been preparing to climb to the summing of Everest. He (k )’s training / trains hard in the Himalayas and has been on a strict diet. If he (l ) succeeds / is succeeding he will be the youngest British person ever to reach the top of Everest.

EX .2. Составьте альтернативные вопросы к выделенным словам.

One of the most famous buildings in the world must be the Great Pyramid at Giza in Egypt. When you look at it, you realize that it must have been extremely difficult to build. Thousands of people must have worked on it. It’s enormous! Until the twentieth century it was the tallest building in the world. Building things now is quite easy. But it can’t have been easy for the Ancient Egyptians- they didn’t have electricity, or tractors, or lorries. So it must have taken a very long time to build, you’d think. But it didn’t- it only took thirty years!

EX.3. Заполните пропуски словами NO или NONE:

1. _ of these telephones work.

2. I had _ difficulty understanding her.

3. “How many children has she got?” “ _”.

4. There are _ trains after midnight.

5. Did you buy milk? There’ s _ in the fridge.

6. _ of us booked tickets at the agency.

7. There are _ palm trees in Antarctica.

8. _ of you can travel without a Visa.

EX.4. Выберите правильную форму:

1. Is any/somebody at the agency?

2. I want to go any/somewhere to the South.

3. Does any/somebody understands me here?

4. You can find Coca-cola every/somewhere.

5. Can I do anything/anybody to help you?

6. I haven’t seen Ann any/nowhere.

7. Every/nobody don’t want to travel by train.

8. Has any/somebody seen the keys of my room?

9. No/anything happened at the hotel.

10. Do you want some/anything from the shop?

Ex .5. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык:

1. Они будут осматривать выставку по Развитию Общественного Питания сегодня в 6 часов вечера.
2. Завтра в это время я буду занята. Я буду вести переговоры с иностранными партнерами по организации въездного туризма.
3. Когда мы получим ваш счет, сразу же дадим вам знать дату отправления.
4. Объем инвестиции, выделяемых государством на развитие туризма составит 500 млрд. долларов в следующем году.
5. Специалисты утверждают, что характер иммиграции изменится к 2005 году.
6. В нашей работе ожидаются изменения: мы открываем новый офис по продаже билетов, чья работа начнется со следующей недели.
7. Я записался на курсы экскурсоводов. Когда ты вернешься из отпуска, я уже буду посещать их целый месяц.
8. Алиса должна проверить запасы топлива. Нам предстоит длинная поездка.
9. Вы должно быть наш гид.
10. Когда вы подъедите в агентство, все документы будут уже готовы.
11. К 2006 году значительно увеличится протяженность пешеходных маршрутов.

12. Если хотите, я покажу вам город, у нас много памятников архитектуры.

13. Вам обязательно следует посетить природный заповедник “Оленьи ручьи”.

1. Кто-нибудь хочет отправиться в горы прямо сейчас?

15. Вы будете свободны в воскресенье? Давайте проведём выходные на даче.

Ex .6. Переведите текст на русский язык, составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

Tourist promotion.

There have been three aims of most tourist promotion in the last few years.

The first has been to retain the established marked of people for whom travel is a normal form of recreation. The second purpose of tourist promotion has been to increase the size of the market. In order for tourism to grow, it is necessary to attract people who would not have traveled much until the last few years. It is significant for tourism that trade unions now fight for fringe benefits for workers such as longer paid holidays and shorter work weeks. A three – day weekend would almost certainly cause an increase at least in domestic tourism.

The third goal of tourist promotion has been to overcome what might best be called its seasonal bias. In many countries, summer is the traditional vacation season. In France, for instance, the summer vacation has extended even to the shutting down of many stores and small businesses. Hundreds of thousands of Frenchmen leave Paris in August for the south of France or for destinations outside the country. Winter vacations have been heavily promoted to spread tourism more evenly throughout the year. There has been a big increase in facilities for winter sports.

Ski resorts have sprung up which attract not only the wealthy to resorts in Switzerland, but also the office or factory workers who want to get out on the ski slopes for a winter weekend. Many different organizations are involved in tourist promotion. They include tourist bureaus, the transportation companies, tour operators, retail travel agents and individual hotels or hotel chains.

Through their tourist offices, governments do a great deal of travel promotion, both in the form of advertising and publicity.

V Семестр.

Вариант А.

EX .1. Раскройте скобки, сделав необходимые изменения, обращая внимание на Косвенную Речь.

1. Не said he left the renting car (here).
2. George explained that he couldn’t work any more ( today)
3. Ted hoped to see his wife (today) after so long trip across Europe.
4. I said that I could speak English and planned to learn French (next) year.
5. We knew that they had left the hotel 2 (days ago).
6. Fred explained that he was going to another trip (this week).
7. Alice said that she would phone you (tomorrow).
8. The agent was sure the plane was leaving (tonight).
9. The guide wanted to know if we agreed to see the Hermitage (next ) week.
10. He asked what I wanted to do (today).

EX.2. Выберите правильный вариант:

1. I said/told the driver I wanted to stop.
2. Everybody said/told the hotel was beautiful.
3. Ann said/told that she would wait at the bus stop.
4. Nobody said/told me the agency was closed.
5. Why didn’t you say/tell the tickets were expensive?
6. My mother said/told there was a letter from Paris.
7. I didn’t say/tell the waiter he couldn’t pay.
8. She said/told the guide she wanted to see the beach.
9. He said/told us he had forgotten the keys from the room.
10. I said/told Martin TV wasn’t working.

EX.3. Раскройте скобки , употребляя The passive voice:

Используйте: Present Simple, Past Simple, or Present Perfect.

Concorde, the world’s fastest passenger plane, (1) was developed (develop) by France and Britain together. In the 1950 s, both countries dreamed of having a supersonic plane and the project Faster (2)__________ (start) in 1962. 1.5 billion (3)_________ (spend) on developing Concorde and it that the (4)_________ (test) for over 5,000 hours, which makes it the most tested plane in history. The first passenger plane speed of (5)__________ (introduce) by British Airways and Air France in 1976. Concorde holds many world records, including the sound fastest crossing of the Atlantic from New York to London, which (6)_________ (achieve) in 2 hours 45 second! Flying at twice the speed of sound means that flying time (7)__________ (reduce) by half, which is why the Concorde flight between London and New York (8)_________ (use) a lot by business people and film starts – you can leave Britain at 10.30 and arrive in New York an hour earlier! Twenty planes (9)_________ (build) up to the present day. But there are no plans to build any more. Each plane (10)_________ (produce) at a cost of 55 million, which makes them very expensive!

EX.4. Преобразуйте предложения в Reported speech:

Direct Speech: “ I’ve got a stomachache”( say)

Reported speech: He said he’s got a stomachache.

1. I want to dive for pearls.( say)

2. She likes fishing. ( explain)

3. I don’t believe in aliens.( add)

4. We’ll send a message to Pluto.(promise)

5. I’m in the office now.( say)

6. Fred drives a red Ferrari.( boast)

7. I’ll go to Switzerland.( announce)

8. He connected the machine to my computer.( tell)

9. She was going to buy some measuring equipment.( think)

10. That tour agency is on fire.( guess)

11. Our brother is cycling in Holland now.( tell)

12. I climbed Everest last week.( notice)

13. The Ancient Egyptians didn’t have modern tools to build Pyramids.( explain)

14. They are going on holidays next month.( realize)

15. It’s a star-catcher telescope.( add)

EX .5. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. Так как каталог туров был послан по неверному адресу, он не дошел до нашего филиала в Н.Тагиле.
2. После того как новые туры были отсортированы по направлениям, информация о них была помещена в прайс лист этой недели.
3. Так как теплоход был сжат льдом, он не мог продолжать свой путь.
4. Вчера в вашей тур фирме мне предложили большое разнообразие туров по Востоку.
5. Переговоры с отелем ПЛАЗА еще отнюдь не закончены.
6. Это предложение сделано при условии получения вашего подтверждения в течение сегодняшнего дня.
7. Вы никогда не будете хорошо говорить по-английски, если вон та книга не будет вами изучена.
8. Когда я пришел в контору, как раз все собирались уходить- выключили компьютеры, убирали все дела в папки.
9. Срок отъезда туристов в Женеву был продлен директором нашей фирмы в связи с терактами в Москве.
10. Монеты, брошенные в фонтан, упали на дно.
11. Мне вчера предложили интересную работу экскурсоводом.
12. Ему дали билет на экскурсию по Эрмитажу.
13. Им показали интересные красочные буклеты по развитию туризма в Праге.
14. Отель был построен по спец заказу: два бассейна с подсветкой, терраса, два бара, ресторан, казино и развлекательный центр.
15. Строительство нового Аква-парка завершится, вероятно, к концу года.

Ex .6. Переведите текст на русский язык, составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

Careers in tourism.

Like most service industries, tourism is labor – intensive; that is, it employs a high proportion of people in comparison to the number that it serves.

The range of jobs is also very wide, from unskilled, like a dish washer in a restaurant, to semi – skilled, like a waiter or a chambermaid, to skilled, like a travel agent or a tour operator. In addition, tourism generates many jobs that are not usually considered to be within the industry itself – jobs in construction, manufacturing, and merchandising.

A majority of the jobs in tourism have one common feature: contact with the public, including both the positive and negative aspects of dealing with ordinary human beings. Anyone who has chosen a career in tourism should enjoy working with people and be tolerant, especially since the irritations of travel can bring out the worst qualities in some people.

In majority of the jobs in which it is necessary to deal with the public, language skill is necessary or desirable. People who hold jobs of this kind include travel agency employees, ticket and reservation agents, airline flights personnel, front – desk employees in hotels, tour conductors or guides, waiters, barmen and so forth. The degree of language skill may vary from using special terms in catering service jobs to speaking fluently among travel agents and tour guides. The degree of language skill may vary according to the location of the job.

The tourist industry differs from many others as it employs more women than other kinds of business. Indeed, women are found at all levels. Many successful travel agents are women who have established independent enterprises after gaining experience elsewhere in the industry. There are many different ways to acquire the necessary experience. Some agents begin as clerical workers or secretaries in travel agencies or in the transportation companies. Particular jobs that provide useful knowledge include those of ticket agent and reservations agent for the airlines.

In addition to dealing with the public, the travel agent must deal with people who work for other components in the industry. One of the most important aspects of the job is keeping important of the highly complex pricing policies of airlines and the resort hotels. The agent must also keep up with other development in the industry – new resorts, changing travel regulations, new services. So travel agents who go on familiarization tours are given lavish treatment so as so impress them favorably with the services that are being offered.

The people who write about travel also receive lavish treatment from the tourist industry. There are relatively few travel writers, but they fill an important place in publicizing the industry. Some of them work full – time for magazines or newspapers. Others are free – lancers: they work for themselves and sell their articles to any publication that is interested in them. There is also a small industry involved in writing and publishing travel guidebooks.

The tour operators work much within the framework of ordinary corporate practice than the small retain agencies do. Companies like Cook and American Express employ people in nearly all phases of tourism, ranging from the jobs that would be found in a retail travel agency to those that deal with packaging tours or establishing overall policy for the companies.

They also employ a large staff to work on advertising and publicity.

Вариант В .

EX.1. Раскройте скобки , употребляя Active/ passive voice

Past Simple, Present Perfect, or Present Simple.

Mount Everest and K2 are believed (believe) to be the two highest mountains in the world, but they (1)________ (be) very different. Everest (2)________ (climb) for the first time in 1953, and since then thousands of people (3)________ (stand) on the summit. You (4)________ (not need) to be a professional climber – every year many people (5)________ (take) to the top by guides. But in recent years this popularity (6)__________(begin) to cause problems. Since 1953 thousands of tons of rubbish (7)__________ (left)at the food of the mountain, and a lot of people (8)_________ (think) that the ‘Everest experience’ (9)_________ (ruin) by the number of visitors.

K2, deep in the Himalayas, (10)_________ (not measure) until 1859, seven years after Everest. It (11)__________ (say) to be the most dangerous mountain in the world, and it (12)_________ (not climb) as often as Everest has. Every year small numbest of mountaineers (13)_________ (try) to reach the top, but not many (14)_________ (succeed) – some of the worst Himalayan accidents in the last twenty years (15)________ (happen) on

the mountain, and many lives (16)________ (lose). Tourist expeditions (17)________ (start) going to Everest in the 1980 s, and the number of visitors (18)________ (rise) since then, but they (19)_________ (not go) to K2

EX .2. Вставьте следующие глаголы, при необходимости употребляя их в PASSIVE VOICE :

offer register (not) work call deal wish be employ have got prove mean (not) earn pay

FREE-LANCERS

There ………people in tourism who…… for themselves. They …..free-lancers. They …..fall-time for any tourist company. They …….part-time or in high season only. They ……..in low and off-season.

Among free-lancers there ……guides, guides-interpreters, escorts, animators, travel writers. Tourist companies …..them for seasonal work. Cruising companies, resort hotels and holiday centers ……animators for summer high season. Travel agencies which ……. with in-coming tourism employ guides, guides-interpreters, escorts. Travel writers……… their articles to magazines and newspapers when they …… to.

Free-lancers………… It ………that, on the one hand, they………. licenses. Licenses ……. their qualifications. On the other hand, if they…………., they……….taxes.

Free-lancers ……as a rule members of professional associations.

In high season free-lancers …….a lot of money. In low and off-season they ………any money at all or do some other Job. Teachers ………… as free-lancer guides, students ………as escorts, actors work as animators. Travel writers…… often permanent free-lancers.

EX.2. Преобразуйте предложения в Reported speech,

используя слова в скобках:

The day everything went wrong.

1. It was a warm winter so icebergs floated into the Atlantic.( tell)
2. There was a fire in the boiler room. (add)
3. The heat from the fire made the shop weak.(explain)
4. The lifeboat practice was cancelled so many sailors didn’t know how lifeboats worked. ( say)
5. The sailors didn’t fill the lifeboats. ( realize)
6. Some left half empty.( notice)
7. A lot of people drowned.( know)
8. There weren’t enough lifeboats for all the passengers.( announce)
9. The captain received lots of warnings about the iceberg but he didn’t receive the most important warning. ( tell)
10. His ship hit the iceberg.( add)
11. The Titanic didn’t slow down when it got to the ice field. ( say)
12. It crashed into the iceberg.( elucidate)
13. A ship called Californian didn’t hear the Titanic ’s calls for help because its radio was switched off.( explain)
14. Another ship called Carpathia heard the calls for help. ( add)
15. Unfortunately it was a slow ship so it arrived a hour and twenty minutes after the Titanic had sink. ( regret)

EX .3. Раскройте скобки. Преобразуйте предложения в Reported speech, сделав необходимые изменения:

*

Many people within the tourism industry ( concern) that potential workers do not seriously (consider) it as the work is thought to be hard and poorly(pay). The industry believes this misconception must (correct) and the population (inform). Many prospective employees believe the only tourism jobs are as housekeepers, food servers and cooks. go2 wants to (make) people aware of jobs in tourism specific management, as webmasters, fitness instructors, as experts in massage and many, many other areas.

EX.4. Раскройте скобки , употребляя Passive Voice:

Reporter Why… the trees… (cut down)?

Mr Kingman Well, of course, we don't want to cut them down, but the land… (need) for offices and flats.

Reporter What do you think about the demonstration last Saturday?

Mr Kingman Well, you can see that it… (organize) by a group of young hooligans. Two of them… (arrest) for fighting.

Reporter But their petition… (sign) by nearly a thousand people.

Mr Kingman Yes, but the names… (not check) yet. We don't know if they are real.

Reporter The oak trees… (plant) in the time of Napoleon. Nearly two hundred years of history… (destroy). Does that worry you?

Mr Kingman We care about the environment, but we must look to the future. New trees… (plant) after the offices… (build).

EX .5. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. Номер уберут, когда проживающие его освободят.

2. Вам вручили приглашение на торжественное мероприятие по празднованию Дня Туризма?

3. Сообщают, что группа туристов пострадала в результате террористического акта в Сочи.

4. Известно, что этот район Швейцарии особенно популярен среди приезжающих туристов из других стран.

5. За нашим путешествием с большим интересом следили миллионы телезрителей.

6. О их ребенке будут хорошо присматривать аниматоры отеля.

7. Мне рассказали, что скоро начнется знаменитый маскарад в Бразилии.

8. Мы надеялись уже в следующем году посетить Прагу.

9. Руководство компании знало, что наша группа делает все, чтобы привлекать клиентов.

10. Разве вам не сказали, что вы будете проживать в трехзвездочной гостинице?

11. Стюардесса сообщила пассажирам, что посадка самолета затруднена из-за большего скопления птиц в небе.

12. Вам уже объяснили, как пользоваться спасательными жилетами?

13. Я слышал, вы отдыхали на Кубе. Вам понравилось?

14. Мы заметили, что условия проживания, которые нам были обещаны, не соответствовали необходимому уровню.

15. Слышал, вы нуждаетесь в оформлении визы. Я могу помочь.

Ex .6. Переведите текст на русский язык, составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

Resume or Curriculum Vitae

Application form

When a person is eager to get a job he is often to fill in a resume (USA) or a curriculum vitae (UK) or a standard printed application form . The forms can be laid out in different ways but the information required will, in most cases, be the same.

The information given by the candidate in these papers will be helpful in assessing the candidate’s suitability for the post.

From the candidate’s point of view, this paper is the first impression the firm will obtain of him or her and therefore it is important that the candidate completes the paper clearly and carefully.

A curriculum vitae should usually contain the following information:

name

address

telephone

fax

e-mail

date of birth

place of birth

nationality

marital status

objective

work experience

education

languages

hobbies and interests

references (UK) or testimonials (US)

Here is an example:

CURRICULUM VITAE
Name:	Susanna J. Pattrick
Home address:	1 The Lane Liverpool M 16 2PT
Date of birth:	22 March 1979
Place of birth:	Liverpool
Nationality:	British
Marital status:	Single
Education:	Stonebroom Comprehensive School West Park Liverpool September 1990-July 1995
Qualifications:	July 1995 GCSE Mathematics (B) English (C) Business Studies (A) French (C) Art and Design (D)
Objective:	A traineeship in trading
Work experience:	Work on a market stall on Saturday
Interest & activi-ties:	Swimming Reading Horse riding
Referees:	Mr Mills The Headmaster Stonebroom Comprehensive School West Park Liverpool	Rev. G. Brown St. Michael le Belfrey Church Street Urmstow Liverpool

CVs or resumes as well as application forms will require the name and address of at least two individuals who can act as referees, which means those who can provide references. The referees may be contacted and asked whether or not they consider the applicant to be suitable for the post. The candidate may name a vicar, a doctor, or an old family friend as one of referees.

Normally, the firm will ask for the names of present or former employers or supervisors for whom the candidate has worked.

Вариант С.

Ex . 1. Раскройте скобки, употребляя Passive Voice :

Roulette, the most popular game of chance in Europe (translate ) as «small wheel» is. A very primitive version of roulette (introduce) in the 17th century by the French scientist, Blaise Pascal.

It (say ) that this was a by-product of his perpetual motion devices. Frenchmen Francois and Louis Blanc invented the single «0» roulette game in 1842. Because gambling was illegal in France during this time, the game (introduce ) in Hamburg, Germany where it became very popular and replaced an earlier version that featured higher odds. At a later date, Francois and his son Camille were responsible for bringing the game of roulette back to southern France for the Prince of Monaco, Charles III. As a result, the lavish, world-famous resort of Monte Carlo (develop ). When roulette came to the U.S. in the early 1800s, the improvements (delete ), and a double «00» returned. The game became popular in the old west of America during the California Gold Rush.

Ex .2. Преобразуйте предложения в Reported speech, сделав необходимые изменения. Каждое предложение начинайте словами :

My friend told ( said, add, explain, noticed) that…

1. The club is right in the heart of Covent Garden, on the square, just opposite the main market.
2. It is based underground, arranged over a series of small, linked rooms, each with its own bar.
3. The place is decorated in a very odd style indeed — the walls and floor are bare concrete.
4. The ceilings are covered in a mock-Turkish war-tent, Ottoman style, with gathered folds held together by a brass centre piece.
5. There are also paintings of sunset sea-scapes and night scenes on the walls in some of the bars.
6. There are some high tables and stools in the far bars, if you want to sit down for a while.
7. Drinks here are very expensive — £6 for a spirit and mixer, £2.50 for a half-pint of beer.
8. They also sell a fairly standard range of cocktails.
9. The music here on most nights is a kind of house style, with lots of re-mixes of recent hits as well.
10. It is a good place to go with a group, and it's central, however.

Ex.3. Раскройте скобки , употребляя глаголы в скобках в Active Voice или Passive Voice( Present or Past simple).

One of the most beautiful buildings in Ekaterinburg is the Opera House. It (build) in 1912 and many famous artists (play) in this theatre like Sergey Lemeshev, Ivan Kozlovsky, Irina Arkhipova. Operas and ballets (attract) both theatre-lovers and townspeople who (like) the Arts. Luxury interiors of the theater, skills of the actors and producers, traditional Russian spirit of the theatre all this you will be able to experience if you (visit) our Opera.

The theatre season (last) from September to July. On the week days they (give) one play at 6.30 pm and at the weekends there are two plays: one at 11 am and the second is at 6 pm. As the tickets (be) extremely cheap they (sell) off long before the day of the performance especially on the most famous plays like «Swans Lake», «Nutcracker», «Karmen» and «Eugene Onegin».

EX .4. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в подходящем времени Passive Voice :

The ordinary acoustic guitar (play) for centuries. It's easy to play. It's light and easy to carry. You can play it and sing at the same time. But the guitar has one problem. It isn't very loud.

This problem (solve) in 1931 when the first electric guitar (produce) in the USA by Adolph Rickenbacker. It was very simple and it didn't look very exciting. In fact, people called it 'the electric frying pan'. But popular music (revolutionize) by this simple instrument.

In an electric guitar small microphones, or pickups, (place) under the strings. These pickups (connect) to an amplifier and a speaker. There are controls for volume and tone on the guitar and on the amplifier. With modern electronics one guitar can be louder than a whole orchestra.

Today millions of electric guitars (sell) around the world. The two most popular types both (develop) in the 1950s and they have changed very little since then. The Les Paul (make) by the Gibson guitar company and it greatly (love) by heavy metal guitarists like Slash of Guns'n'Roses. But the most popular guitar of all is the Stratocaster. It (make) by Fender and (play) by many famous rock guitarists including Jimi Hendrix, Keith Richards of the Rolling Stones and Eric Clapton.

EX .5. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. В будущем гитары будут заменены синтезаторами

2. Сегодня электро гитары продаются во многих музыкальных магазинах, а раньше это было редкостью.

3. Где спасательный трап? Мне сказали, что он в левой части самолета.

4. Разве вам не сказали, что вы будете проживать в трехзвездочной гостинице?

5. Ему дали билет на экскурсию по Эрмитажу?

6. За нашим путешествием с большим интересом следили миллионы телезрителей.

7. О их ребенке будут хорошо присматривать аниматоры отеля.

8. Меню принесут чуть позже. Не беспокойтесь.

9. Много говорят последнее время об экологическом туризме.

10. Мне еще не сказали, что рейс откладывается.

11. Много сувениров из их лавки продаются в этом сезоне.

12. Нам предложили бассейн с минеральной водой.

13. К сожалению, мне не дали визу в Финляндию.

14. Вас уже пригласили на туристическую выставку?

15. Этот замок был построен в 17 веке.

Ex .6. Переведите текст на русский язык, составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

AMERICAN ROULETTE

In American Roulette, the perfectly balanced roulette wheel consists of 38 identical slots, individually numbered from 0, 00, 1 through 36. In total, 38 numbers are represented on the betting layout. On the standard roulette wheel the numbers are not arranged consecutively. By design, they alternate between red and black and exactly opposite each other number is the corresponding higher and lower number. Look straight across one side of the wheel to the other and you will see that the O is opposite the 00, 1 is opposite the 2, and so on up to the 35 being directly opposite the 36. All red numbers are opposite the black numbers.

The roulette wheel is kept spinning all the time and sped up once a game is about to begin. The croupier rolls a little ivory ball along the inner edge of the wheel in the opposite direction of its spin. As the wheel turns, the ball loses momentum and it bounces among the slots and finally falls into one of the numbered slots. Bettors can place their bets right up until the time the wheel slows down and the ball drops into place. The number that the ball rests on is the declared as the winning number for that game.

One to six players can be seated at the roulette table. Roulette is the only game in the casino where players purchase special non-value roulette chips, each player with their own color so that the dealer can tell the bets apart. These chips must be cashed in at the roulette table before leaving. The chips have a set value depending on the minimum bet set at the table, but a player may request whatever value he wishes for his chips. The dealer will then specify the worth of that particular colored chip by mating a sample chip which is placed upon the rim of the wheel. Players may also bet larger amounts by using $1, $5 and $25 regular casino chips. If you are unsure of the procedures and the minimum bets at any table, the dealer, should be glad to explain the casino's policy for roulette wagers.

VI Семестр.

Вариант A .

Ex .1. Дополните предложения, используя условные предложения, используя информацию из текста:

15 April 1912

Who was one of the luckiest men in the world on that day?

Mr. J.P. Morgan. He was the owner of the great ship Titanic which hit the iceberg and sank that night in the cold waters of the Atlantic Ocean. About 1,5000 people drowned. Mr. Morgan had a ticket for the journey but he didn’t go because he had to be at a meeting. If he had gone, he would have been in one of the biggest disasters of the twentieth century.

1. It was a warm winter in 1912. A lot of icebergs floated onto the Atlantic. If it ___ not a warm winter, the icebergs __ not into the Atlantic.

2. There weren’t enough lifeboats on the ship. A lot of people died. If there __ more lifeboats, fewer people__.

3. The ship sailed into an ice field. It hit an iceberg. If the ship __ into an ice field. It __an iceberg.

4. The water was very cold. Many people froze to death. The water __not so cold,fewer people __to death.

5. Mr. Morgan had a meeting. He didn’t go on the journey. Mr. Morgan__ not a meeting, he __ on the journey.

Ex .2. Раскройте скобки, употребляя условные предложения:

1. Abba's outstanding contribution (lie) with «Dancing Queen», but with «Lay All Your Love On Me».

2. This (be)not a definite move toward a more dance-orientated sound.

3. While this was espected with the «Voulez Vous» album, this (be) not only really limited to the title track.

4. Disco was moving into the 80s and (be) not meeting a lot of mainstream opposition.

5. However, as a track it came at the beginning of Hi-NRG.

6. It (be) a point of reference for a lot of Eurpoean dance music which followed.
The fact this track, along with «The Visitors», (be) not remixed shows how important it was.

Ex .3. Выберите правильный вариант предложения:

1. Health is a great wealth for you if you want/will want to live long life.

2. If you go/will go in for sports, make/will make hard your body, follow/will follow a vegetarian diet or physiotherapy you will be healthy.

3. If people prefer/preferred /have preferred to go to a pool where they can enjoy swimming they would be in good form.

4. If skating rinks became /have become popular among our students they would have spent much time there.

5. If Elton John is/was/hadn’t been not one of those artist that changes with time his musical career would have been stopped many years ago..

6. The Disco culture and the music wouldn’t be/ had been made impossible by the contributions of many talented artists, musicians, Disco DJs and music industry execs.

7. It would be/would have been a fun, cheerful club, decorated to look as if it's on a sea bed, with sand, waves, sea life, etc on the wall next year.

8. It would be/been pretty cheap to get in, and the drinks wouldn’t be/wouldn’t been too bad either.

9. SUN-RAY would be/ been a reliable and responsible organization which offered its customers the opportunity to enjoy playing slot machines and casino games but it was closed last year.

10. In 1980 Black Jack would be/been introduced to three international standard hotels in Helsinki.

Ex .4. Перепишите предложения, используя unless :

If you don’t give me money, I’m not going to the police.

Unless you give me money, I’m not going to the police.

1. You can’t park here if you don’t live in the street.

2. I don’t drive fast except if I’m really late.

3. If you are not over 18 you can’t see this film.

4. Children can’t go out if they are not with an adult.

5. If I’m not going fishing, I get up late on Sundays.

EX .5. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык:

1. Если бы вы заказали экскурсии заранее, вы бы увидели замки Луары уже завтра.

2. Если пойдет снег, мы перенесем наш поход в лес на следующие выходные.

3. Если бы я знала раньше, что вы собираетесь в Таиланд, то присоединилась бы к вам.

4. Если ты собралась жить в Англии, тебе обязательно нужно выучить английский.

5. Сними пальто, если тебе жарко.

6. Если Дик работает в казино, он, возможно, знает Алекса.

7. Если бы вы выиграли миллион, на что бы вы его потратили?

8. Если бы у меня было 4 руки, я бы всегда все успевал.

9. Если тур фирма не сдержит обещания по поводу условий проживания в отеле, я напишу жалобу.

10. Если бы я могла читать мысли других людей, я бы с легкостью сдавала экзамены.

Ex .6. Переведите текст на русский язык, составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

Casino

Roulette, translated as «small wheel» is the most popular game of chance in Europe. A very primitive version of roulette was introduced in the 17th century by the French scientist, Blaise Pascal.

It is said that this was a by-product of his perpetual motion devices. Frenchmen Francois and Louis Blanc invented the single «0» roulette game in 1842. Because gambling was illegal in France during this time, the game was introduced in Hamburg, Germany where it became very popular and replaced an earlier version that featured higher odds. At a later date, Francois and his son Camille were responsible for bringing the game of roulette back to southern France for the Prince of Monaco, Charles III. As a result, the lavish, world-famous resort of Monte Carlo was developed. When roulette came to the U.S. in the early 1800s, the improvements were deleted, and a double «00» returned. The game became popular in the old west of America during the California Gold Rush.

Casino RAY — Finland’s only international style casino. With its sophisticated international atmosphere, Casino RAY offers a wide choice of games, its own restaurant services, and a range of entertainments from tournaments to corporate events. Casino RAY generates around 3% of RAY’s revenues. Each year these revenues are distributed to support the activities of Finnish health and welfare organizations. RAY’s arcades and clubs offer a special selection of slot machines and games. The Täyspotti and Potti arcades and Club RAYs have their own special selection of games and slot machines. There are 45 arcades and Club RAYs around Finland. Club RAYs, which are incorporated into restaurants, and Täyspotti arcades have both slot machines and casino table games. The Potti arcades have a wide selection of slot machines. Professional staff are on hand at the clubs and arcades to give players help and advice. Each year the revenues generated by the clubs and arcades are distributed to support the activities of Finnish health and welfare organizations.

Вариант B .

Ex .1. Раскройте скобки, употребляя условные предложения:

1. If I (open) a firm I ( be ) rich last year.

2. If you open a window it ( be) noisy here.

3. If I ( have) time yesterday I ( join) you.

4. If I( get) a visa next week I( fly) to Finland.

5. If the ticket prices ( go) up next year I ( sell) my house.

6. If the government ( give) me a month’s holiday last year I ( go) to my granny to Kiev.

7. If she ( go) shopping next weekend she( buy) a new dress for the trip.

Ex .2. Продолжите предложения, употребляя условные предложения:

1. If people could fly….

2. If my cat could open a fridge…

3. If you boss asked you to work on Sunday…

4. If you read people’s thoughts…

5. If people had 3 legs…

Ex .3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя условные предложения:

1. If it( rain), we will have the party inside.

2. Next year Sue ( study) Chinese if she( live) in China.

3. If we( talk) to Boss very politely, he( listen) to us.

4. Henry says that he ( work) as a taxi-driver if he ( need) money.

5. I( be) happy if I ( pass) the exam.

6. If he ( marry) her, he( not have) a happy life.

7. If you ( leave) the hotel now you ( catch) the train.

8. I( drive) you to the station if I ( find) my car keys.

9. If I(be) free tomorrow evening I would take your invitation to go to the Opera.

10. If there aren’t any shows at the hotel tonight we( go) to bed early.

Ex .4.Составьте предложения, начиная с “ IF ”, употребляя условные предложения:

I’m afraid the bus will be late.

· get to work late again

If the bus is late I’ll get to work late again.

· lose my work

If I get to work late again I will lose my work.

· not find another job

· lose my flat

· move back to my parents’ house

· get very bored

· go swimming every day

· look very good

· meet interesting people

· go to lots of parties

· have a wonderful time

EX .5. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык:

1. Если бы нас предупредили заранее об отмене рейса, мы бы остались дома.
2. Если бы я не был рассеянным, то не забыл бы в гостиничном номере свои фамильные часы.
3. Если бы не плохая погода, нам не пришлось провести весь медовый месяц в гостинице.
4. Мы бы с удовольствием присоединились к вам в ресторане, если бы вы не были против.
5. Если мне расскажут о всех условиях работы в отеле, я приму ваше приглашение.
6. Если бы кокос не упал мне на голову, я бы никогда не попробовал его сока.
7. Если бы она приняла мое предложение выйти замуж, мы бы были самой красивой парой.
8. Я бы вам посоветовал отдохнуть на пляжах Лазурного побережья во Франции.
9. Я бы на вашем месте не ел столько восточных сладостей здесь, вы рискуете получить расстройство желудка.
10. Если бы Джон меньше пил вчера в баре, то не выглядел бы так плохо сегодня на совещании.

Ex .6. Переведите текст на русский язык, составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

Los Locos

It is situated in South London and is an old music hall situated on Kennington Lane. To get there take the tube to Vauxhall and take the south-eastern underpass or walk across Vauxhall Bridge from Victoria. It is not in the most picturesque of areas but you know you are in the right place when Terry Farrells ziggurat-like M.I.6. Headquarters looms over everything, as featured in the last Bond film «The World is Not Enough». In fact the area is on the up and The Royal Vauxhall Tavern is under constant threat from demolition leading to lots of final parties. In fact, I have been to three final parties in the last year. It's that living on the edge of oblivion which gives the tavern its kudos.

During the week it holds entertainment (this was the pub which started the career of Lily Savage (probably not known outside the UK, but a dragqueen known as the 'blonde bombsite'). In fact you must have a sense of the ridiculous for the RVT which is a club that doesn't take itself too seriously and expects its patrons to enter in the fun. Upon entry there is a main club area with stage and a bar. You can see its old music hall roots by ascending tiers and wooden pillars. The toilets are fun, usually covered in white paper with pens inviting patrons to scrawl on them with questions like «Margaret Thatcher: woman or android? Discuss.»

But its best night is Saturday night for the famous «Duckie» hosted by larger-then-life American lesbian Amy Lame. The music is indie,retro and alternative with the The Smiths, Sex Pistols, Blur and Blondie featuring heavily but it is the cabaret that brings in the punters. And what a weird and wonderful bunch they are? There is Lorraine Bowen who describes herself as a sexy, modern, socialist, bicycle enthusiast, 'Delightful Delores — a lesbian belly-dancer from Cricklewood, 'The Divine David' a scary, mascara covered comedian and 'Helena Goldwater' who is billed as 3 parts Shirley Bassey and 7 parts Auntie Margy. To quote Helena «Auntie Margy had offers from Hollywood but decided to stay with her knicker shop behind Walthamstow market» It's that kind of place and that kind of humor — very strange, very British and very peculiar...

This is the ultimate cheese venue. If you want a combination of Madonna, Abba, Take That, Gloria Gaynor,etc, this is the place for you! This isn't a place for your posh, trendy designer gear, the clothing policy here is definitely cheap 'n' cheerful.

It's a fun, cheerful club, decorated to look as if it's on a sea bed, with sand, waves, sea life, etc on the wall. It's pretty cheap to get in, and the drinks aren't too bad either. The slogan the staff t-shirts proclaim is that «No-one's ugly after 2am», which says it all, really!

Вариант C .

Ex .1. Продолжите предложения, употребляя условные предложения:

1. If I sell my house…

2. If I were the president…

3. If we had bikes…

4. If you lived on another planet…

5. If cows could fly…

Ex .2. Составьте предложения, начиная с “ IF ”, употребляя условные предложения:

Get up early >catch the 8:15 train > sit by a beautiful foreign lady > fall in love and marry her > go to live in her country > work in her father’s diamond business > become very rich > go into politics > die in a revolution

Ex .3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя условные предложения:

1. If I (be) you I would buy a house.

2. If he were really tired he (take) a holiday.

3. If somebody had stolen my car I( go) to the police station immediately.

4. If I (speak) Japanese I could get a job at the Grand Hotel.

5. If it was Sunday we (go) skating.

6. If Joe came he (can) help me with my luggage.

7. If I could sell my car I( buy) a computer.

8. If Alice was here we ( help) her to make a report about ecologic tourism.

9. If John was at home he( watch) TV.

10. If you( can) cook we( be) hungry.

Ex .4. Исправьте предложения, где необходимо, обращая внимание на условные предложения:

1. You won’t catch the bus unless you don’t run.

2. If you don’t go now I will call the police.

3. Everything would been OK if I hadn’t lost my room keys.

4. If I were you I will join the group.

5. If it didn’t rain I would have played tennis.

EX .5. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык:

1. Если бы не моя жена, а она против этой поездки, я бы с удовольствием отправился в путешествие.

2. Если бы мы знали о проведении ярмарки туристических путевок, то не упустили бы возможность купить завтра путевки в санаторий.

3. Если бы Гид не заболел, мы бы сейчас осматривали замки Луары.

4. Все бы было великолепно, если бы у нас не спустила шина.

5. Если пойдет снег, нам придется отложить поход в горы.

6. Если у меня не будет визы, можно и не мечтать о Франции.

7. Если вы не знаете Китайский, могу быть вашим гидом.

8. Если те сможешь уснуть, прими снотворное.

9. Если бы водитель экскурсионного автобуса был более внимательным, мы бы не попали в аварию.

10. Если она из Греции, то говорит по-гречески.

Ex .6. Переведите текст на русский язык, составьте вопросительные предложения к выделенным словам:

TOURIST INFORMATION OFFICE

Tourist information offices are also called tourist information centers. Sometimes they are called visitor information centers.

There are tourist information offices at major airports, railway station, hotels, holiday or leisure centers and many tourist attractions.

Tourist information offices have got office clerks who give advice to customers on ear hire, sightseeing and other coach tours, accommodations, flights and so on. The clerks also give city orientations to guests.

Tourist information office clerks answer a lot of phone calls and give information on passport and visas, the Customs and luggage, weather and climate, city public transport and food service.

The office clerks speak foreign languages fluently because they deal with many international travelers.

There are usually racks foil of city maps and guide books, booklets and folders, travelogues and timetables in tourist information offices. Travelers get most of them free of charge.

FREE-LANCERS

There are people in tourism who work for themselves. They are called free-lancers. They don't work full-time for any tourist company. They work part-time or in high season only. They don't work in low and off-season.

Among free-lancers there are guides, guides-interpreters, escorts, animators, travel writers. Tourist companies employ them for seasonal work. Cruising companies, resort hotels and holiday centers employ animators for summer high season. Travel agencies which deal with in-coming tourism employ guides, guides-interpreters, escorts. Travel writers offer their articles to magazines and newspapers when they wish to.

Free-lancers are registered. It means that, on the one hand, they have got licenses. Licenses prove their qualifications and give them work. On the other hand, if they are registered, they pay taxes.

Free-lancers are as a rule members of professional associations.

In high season free-lancers earn a lot of money. In low and off-season they don't earn any money at all or do some other Job. Teachers work as free-lancer guides, students work as escorts, actors work as animators. Travel writers are often permanent free-lancers.

Уровень D .

Семестр I .

Ex .1. Write these sentences with contractions:

1. John is tired

2. They are very late

3. I am not a student

4. He is not Russian

5. She will be here

6. We are all busy

7. She will not be at the station at 4

8. They did not have a computer

9. I am hungry

10. There is much coffee in the cup

Ex.2. Change the sentences to (-), (?):

1. She had a nice time at the party (-)………………………………

2. They are hungry (?) …………………………………………

3. I am ready (-) …………………………………………

4. It’s Tuesday (? ) …………………………………………

5. Fred has a car (-) …………………………………………

6. Gerry will have a baby soon (?) ……………………………………..

7. I had tea for breakfast (-) ………………………………………

8. I won’t be at home tonight (- ) ………………………………………

9. You have a good flight (? ) ………………………………………

10. There will be computers (?) ………………………………………

Ex.3. Make sentences:

— Why/ all those people/ look/ at me/?

— …………………………………………

— You/ drive/ too fast now/

— …………………………………………

— Sorry/ I/ not/ understand/

— …………………………………………

— John/ cook/ dinner/ every Sunday/

— …………………………………………

— Your English/ get/ better/?

— …………………………………………

— Ann/ speak/ Spanish/

— …………………………………………

— The fast train/ stop/ at this station/

— …………………………………………

— I/not/ work/ today/

— …………………………………………

— I/ think/about our wedding/ all day/

— …………………………………………

— I/see/ what/ you/ mean/ now/

— ………………………………………

Ex.4.Put a/ an or the, -:

1. Where’s …doctor? He’s late.

2. I want to buy…tickets to Moscow.

3. We once went on a boat on the Volga/Lake Baikal.

4. She travels to…Europe once…year.

5. Ann is looking for…book for her daughter.

6. …history is my favorite subject.

7. He is from …small country.

8. Have you got … cell phone?

9. Is …water boiling? Not yet.

10. ….water turns into .…ice at 0°C.

Ex.5. Translate from Russian into English:

1. Когда я хочу устроиться на работу, я всегда заполняю специальные анкеты, присылаю своё резюме и рекомендательные письма.

2. Какую работу выполняет тур агент?

3. Стюардесса всегда приветствует пассажиров и помогает найти места в самолёте.

4. Многие туристы предпочитают экзотические направления: Африка, Непал, Средний Восток.

5. Каждый раз я привожу из-за границы множество сувениров для моих друзей.

Ex.6. Translate from English into Russian:

Russia

Russia is the biggest country in the world. It occupies 11.5% of the world territory and its area is equal to 17 mln sq. km, which is somewhat smaller, for instance, than the area of Canada — the second largest country in the world (9.97 mln sq. km), and that of Australia (about 7.68 mln sq. km). The territory of Russia spreads for ten thousand kilometers from the Baltic Sea in the west to the Sea of Japan in the east. It covers eleven time zones. The capital of Russia is Moscow. St. Petersburg is also very important administrative, business and cultural center of Russia and that is why it is often called the second or the Northern capital of Russia. There are more than one thousand cities and towns in Russia. The largest cities, with the population of more than one million people, are as follows: Moscow (more than nine mln people), St. Petersburg (about 4.7 mln people), Nizhniy Novgorod, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Samara, Omsk, Tcheliabinsk, Kazan, Perm, Ufa, Rostov-on-Don, Volgograd.

Russia is the Democratic Federative Republic with the presidential government and two-chamber parliament consisting of the State Duma and the Federation Council. The head of state is elected once in four years. In the year of 2000, Vladimir Putin was elected the President of the Russian Federation. Prime Minister heads the Government. At present, it is Mikhail Fradkov who heads the Government.

Семестр II.

Ex.1. Use Present Progressive and open the gaps:

The Tomatina in Bunol.

1. It’s the last Wednesday in August and the people in Bunol …..(throw) tomatoes at each other. Why? Because it’s Tomato DAY-Tomatina!

2. Now people ……(pick) tomatoes for the fight.

3. They….(decorate) the town for the holiday.

4. The lorries…..( carry) tomatoes into Bunol.

5. Some women ……( cover) the windows of their houses with plastic against the tomatoes.

6. A band…….(play) music in the square.

7. The first lorry…….(drop) tomatoes in the main street.

8. The crowd…..(shout) and ( laugh).

9. The clock…(strike) twelve.

10. The Tomatina….(begin).

11. Everybody …..(have) fun.

12. Lots of tourists …..(try) to take part in the battle.

Ex.2. Ask questions to the linking words:

1. My aim is to be a manager in tourism because I am keen on traveling.

2. Every time I discover something new when I travel.

3. Ancient houses, national food, costumes seem to me very exciting.

4. I always take a camera with me.

5. I like to see photos and remember all the best days of my trips.

Ex.3. Make sentences using Present simple or Progressive:

1. Ann/ seem/ unhappy/ today/

2. You/ need/ help/ ?

3. You/ know/ that man/ ?

4. I/ hate/ cold weather/

5. Rob/ want/ to see a doctor/

6. I/ agree/ with you/

7. I/ remember/ her name/ badly

8. I/ hate/ this music/

9. You/ understand me/?

10. What/ you / see/?

Ex.4. Circle the right answers:

1. This cat eat/eats/is eating mice as a rule.

2. Your English get/gets/is getting/is geting better.

3. Gerry work/works hard as a rule.

4. Water boil/boils/is boiling at 100 degrees.

5. What do/does/is/are you eating?

Ex.5. Translate from Russian into English:

16. Менеджер по туризму распланировал всю нашу поездку.

17. Раньше у нас в офисе был переводчик, а сейчас Джейн совмещает работу менеджера и переводчика, так как хорошо знает немецкий.

18. В прошлом году я работала гидом переводчиком в крупной туристической компании.

19. Вы занимались организацией автобусных туров?

20. Вчера мы заказали два билета до Киева.

21. Когда Ник был в Москве, то посетил Красную Площадь.

22. В прошлом году мы отдыхали на курорте Карловы Вары.

23. Я постарался объяснить прохожему, как пройти к Казанскому Собору.

24. Вы оплатили билеты неделю назад?

25. Мы загорали, купались и играли в волейбол на пляже.

Ex.6. Translate from English into Russian:

Easter .

Easter, as they said in the old times, is the «Holiday of all holidays and celebration of all celebrations», the day of memory about life, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. It is a custom in Russia to congratulate each other with this holiday. The Easter in Russia is celebrated with several rites: the all-night vigil, christening movement around the church, «easter-kissings» procedure, painting of eggs and baking of Easter cakes. The «Easter-kissings» procedure is such a widespread rite in Russia that it cannot be avoided even by practically non-believers. The procedure consists in the exchange of kisses followed by greeting-congratulation «Jesus Christ resurrected!» and the reply «Really resurrected!» and then, the exchange of painted eggs. The egg that was traditionally painted red or tinged with red became the obligatory attribute and symbol of the Christian Easter beginning from the 12th century. Apart from painted natural eggs, prepared for the Easter celebration were also special gift eggs made of glass, crystal, decorated porcelain and precious metals. The most outstanding manufacturer of such eggs was Karl Faberge. The main and obligatory adornment of the Easter table is considered to be the Easter cake (kulich). It is baked of short yeast pastry, it may be of different sizes, but it should be high and have round form. A cross of pastry is laid at the top of kulich. The form of kulich is explained by the fact that according to the legend, the shroud of Christ was of the round form. And it is considered, that if the Easter cake was a success, then the success will accompany the family. Kulich is cut into slices across rather than lengthwise so that the top remains safe in order to cover with it the remaining portion of the kulich.

Семестр III.

Ex.1. Open the gaps and use Present Perfect:

1. Anapa ( become) a resort centre at the Black Sea.

2. You( see) your rooms in the hotel?

3. Malakhov ( erect) a lot of monuments of the XiX century near the Historical Square.

4. Many travel companies (branch) out and (get) a lot of outlets within a city, a region, a country or throughout the world.

5. This clerk already (make) bookings, (sell) and (issue) tickets.

Ex.2. Change the sentences to (-), (?):

1. Tourists will have come to the hotel “Grilla” by 13:00.

2. The guide will have checked the seats in the bus by the beginning of the excursion.

3. We will have discussed all the conditions of the trip by 11 o’clock.

4. The expeditor will have returned when you begin your work.

5. Everybody will have already been ready for the meeting French guests from Nancy by the morning.

Ex.3. Ask questions to the linking words:

1. They’ve returned from France today.

2. We have already booked tickets to the nearest flight to Amsterdam.

3. I’ve seen him today in a tour agency .

4. The customs- inspector has already checked our luggage .

5. The train from Geneva has arrived.

6. I’ve fastened the seat belts .

7. Those volunteers have cleaned many beaches at the Black Sea .

8. Soft tourism has become more popular in the alpine regions .

9. The waiter has already brought us the menu of the restaurant.

10. I’ ve lived in the countryside since my childhood.

EX .4. Make sentences using the model:

— a racing driver – have an accident?

— Have_you_ever_had_an_accident?

— an explorer – get lost?

— ____________________________

— an actress – forget your words?

— ____________________________

— a mountaineer – climb Mount Everest?

— ____________________________

— a window cleaner – fall off your ladder?

— ____________________________

— a pop singer – have a number one song?

— ____________________________

— an electrician – have an electric shock?

— _____________________________

Ex.5. Translate from Russian into English:

16. Мы только что узнали хорошую новость о работе.

17. Я еще не пробовал обратиться в авиа компанию Дельта .

18. Лина, я тебя давно не видел.

19. Мы еще не посетили Петергоф, а вы?

20. Я уже упаковал все вещи к походу в горы.

21. Он когда-нибудь пробовал Китайскую кухню?

22. Дина, ты видела нашего гида? Я не могу ее найти.

23. К сожалению, директор сегодня улетел в командировку в Таиланд .

24. Алекс был когда-нибудь в Московском зоопарке?

25. Горничная только что прибрала мой номер, он такой чистый!

Ex.6. Translate from English into Russian:

Geographical position and landscapes of Russia

The territory of Russia occupies a part of the Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. As one can follow the Russia borders beginning from the Far East, it neighbours upon the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, People's Republic of China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Ukraine, Byelorussia, Lithuania, Poland, Latvia, Estonia, Finland and Norway. A part of the state, namely, the Kaliningradskaya Oblast, is separated from the rest of the territory by another state that is Lithuania. The land boundary of Russia is the longest in the world. However, beginning from the northwest portion of Russia washed by the Baltic Sea, its entire northern and eastern boundary of the territory is the water-line boundary. In the south, Russia also has water boundaries running along the Black and Caspian Seas.

Because of theirs scales, the landscapes of Russia are rather variable, from swamps to waterless steppes and arctic tundra. A considerable portion of the territory is covered with tundra and taiga, and more than 60% of the territory is perpetually frozen ground. Three fourths of the territory of Russia is plains. In the west, this is the East-European plain where low uplands (the Valdaiskaya, Srednerusskaya, Privolzhskaya uplands, etc.) are alternating with the lowlands (the Oksko-Donskaya, Pricaspiyskaya lowlands). From the east, this territory is limited by the Ural Mountains behind which another plain begins, i.e., the West-Siberian plain, which stretches down to the Enisei River. Lying futher to the east, between the Enisei and Lena rivers is the Srednesibirskoye highland some sections of which rise high up to 1701 m (the Putoran plateau). Further to the east, the highland changes over to the Central Yakutskaya plain.

The mountainous relief is dominating in the east and south of the country. Situated in the south of the European part are the Caucasian Mountains. The highest point of the Large Caucuses and concurrently the highest peak of Europe is the Elborus Mountains.

Семестр IV.

Ex.1.Change the sentences to (-), (?):

1. We had started our tour before the tour guide arrived.

2. Billy went to see his grandparents because they’d been away on holiday.

3. When we came the excursion had already begun .

4. The bus had come by 4 o’clock.

5. She knew that the steamer had broken .

Ex.2. Open the gaps and use Future Perfect:

1. Her sister ( finish) packing the luggage by 10 o’clock.

2. They ( build) the new hotel by September.

3. Every person (have) Internet at home by the end of 2009.

4. Perhaps we already( organize) the trip for students by this summer.

5. Most libraries (have) a professionally educated staff by the end of the year.

Ex.3. Ask questions to the linking words:

16. She had been taking a longer boat trip to Hampton Court since 11 o’clock yesterday.

17. He was going to work in the tourist industry .

18. His brother was having a drink in a pub at 3 p.m.

19. Tourists were walking in the beautiful parks .

20. The manager was checking the baggage .

Ex.4. Make sentences using Reported speech:

Direct Speech: “ I’ve got a stomachache”

Reported speech: He said he’s got a stomachache.

16. I want to dive for pearls.

17. She likes fishing.

18. I don’t believe in aliens.

19. We’ll send a message to Pluto.

20. I’m in the office now.

21. Fred drives a red Ferrari.

22. I’ll go to Switzerland.

23. She was going to buy some measuring equipment.

24. Our brother is cycling in Holland now.

25. I climbed Everest last week.

Ex.5. Translate from Russian into English:

1. Когда подошла стюардесса, я уже как час спал в своем кресле.

2. Наши друзья обсуждали условия поездки с 12 часов.

3. Мы спорили уже часа два.

4. Наверное, он упаковывал вещи целый день.

5. Вчера к 5 часам они уже наконец достигли Греции.

6. Мне сказали, что ты здесь уже отдыхаешь с июня, это так?

7. Крупный туроператор на Урале Джаз-Тревел занимается уже давно организацией поездок в Европу.

8. Мы упаковываем вещи в поездку со вчерашнего дня.

9. Вы давно знаете Дину, она работает в той тур фирме?

10. Туризм в нашем регионе стал активно развиваться с 2000 года.

Ex.6. Translate from English into Russian:

Accommodation

There are several kinds of accommodation means in Russia, which provide the tourists with the hotel services. These are hotels, motels, health resorts, holiday hotels, rest bases and tourist hostels, small vessels in bays, motor-ships serving as hotels, etc. Formed at present is a new system of classification of hotels and other accommodation means, which will take into account the WTO recommendations and will make the hotel service in Russia as close as possible to the international standards.

The hotel infrastructure in Russia is developed quite actively. The accommodation fund in the capitals and large cities amounts to tens thousands of places (e.g., in Moscow — 65 thousand places, in St. Petersburg — about 35 thousand places). Hundreds of hotels built in Russia during the Soviet era have already been reconstructed or are being reconstructed now so as to meet the growing demands. In every cultural and tourist center there are several hotels with restaurants, casinos, bars, parking areas, 24-hour room service, swimming pools, saunas and training rooms suitable for foreign guests. The process of very active construction of mini-hotels for 10 — 100 suits with participation of private investors is now under way and in the suburbs of cities, the construction of motels and mini-hotels of cottage type. Such accommodation objects closely cooperate with the tourist companies and are attractable by specific, more home-like comfort. These objects are well guarded, fully provided with all possible kinds of entertainment and communication, they are often located not far from a city in the country-side, which only adds to their attractiveness. Besides, all over the country and, in particular, in Samara, St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, Irkutsk, Murmansk and Vladivostok, there are opened now the hotels for 200 — 300 suits, and this is done with due regard for the development of business contacts.

Семестр V.

Ex.1. Open the gaps using conditional sentences:

8. If I (open) a firm I ( be ) rich last year.

9. If you hadn’t opened the window it ( not be) noisy here.

10. If I ( have) time yesterday I ( join) you.

11. If I( get) a visa last week I(be) to Finland yesterday.

12. If the ticket prices ( go) up last year I ( sell) my house.

13. If it( rain), we will have the party inside.

14. Next year Sue ( study) Chinese if she( live) in China.

15. I( be) happy if I ( pass) the exam next term.

16. If he ( marry) her, he( not have) a happy life.

17. If you ( leave) the hotel now you ( catch) the train.

Ex.2. Make sentences using conditional sentences and “if”:

Get up early >catch the 8:15 train > sit by a beautiful foreign lady > fall in love and marry her > go to live in her country > work in her father’s diamond business > become very rich > go into politics > die in a revolution.

Ex.3.Finish the sentences using conditional sentences:

6. If people could fly….

7. If you could travel everywhere…

8. If your boss asked you to work on Sunday…

9. If you read people’s thoughts…

10. If people had their own tour firms…

Ex.4. Ask questions to the linking words:

1. Thousands of people spend their holidays traveling

2. A lot of people travel in their own cars .

3. Wonderful landscapes of our country attract lovers of nature.

4. People travel not only to enjoy picturesque places, but also to see ancient monuments and other places of interest.

5. Hiking is becoming very popular.

Ex.5. Translate from Russian into English:

1. Если бы Гид не заболел, мы бы сейчас осматривали замки Луары.

2. Если пойдет снег, мы отложим поездку.

3. Если у меня не будет визы, можно и не мечтать о Франции.

4. Если вы не знаете Китайский, могу быть вашим гидом.

5. Если бы водитель автобуса был более внимательным, мы бы не попали в аварию.

6. Я бы вам посоветовал отдохнуть на море.

7. Если ты собралась жить в Англии, тебе обязательно нужно выучить английский.

8. Если бы они выиграли миллион, на что бы они его потратили?

9. Если бы я могла читать мысли преподавателей, я бы с легкостью сдавала экзамены.

10. Если ваши друзья не заняты, пойдемте в музей вместе.

Ex.6. Translate from English into Russian:

Traditions, customs, habits

The peculiarities of rites and traditions consist in the fact that they are conveyed from one generation to another. The rites are associated with the religious notions; these are koliada, celebration of Easter, wedding ceremony, mystery of baptism and some other. Traditions are related to secular phenomena and are spread a little bit wider. Such are the charity (patronage), Russian bath, celebration of the «old New year» and as they said in the old times, «drinking process».

Koliada is the old Christmas rite of glorifying the celebration of the birth of Christ by way of singing the songs and the song itself. On the night from the 6th to 7th of January before the Orthodox Christmas, the people were usually not asleep: they were wandering from home to home, were being treated, were making «koliada», i.e., were singing the koliadkis — the old Christmas and new-year ritual songs. In the times of tsarism, even tsars went to their subjects for congratulations and making «koliada».

Children and youngsters who sang the songs under windows started the koliada process and they received for this various fares. Before starting for koliada, the rich, as a rule, changed their clothes into carnival and non-ordinary ones, while the poor simply reversed the upper clothes inside out and put on the masks of animals. Nowadays this rite is revived: the people learn the songs, change their clothes as in the old times, put on the masks and go to the neighbors, relatives and colleagues both in cities and in the countryside. Children especially like to participate in the koliada rite because they are necessarily given fares for singing the songs.

Семестр VI.

Ex.1. Choose the right answer:

1. Health is a great wealth for you if you want/will want to live long life.

2. If you go/will go in for sports, make/will make hard your body, follow/will follow a vegetarian diet or physiotherapy you will be healthy.

3. If people prefer/preferred /have preferred to go to a pool where they can enjoy swimming they would be in good form.

4. If skating rinks became /have become popular among our students they would have spent much time there.

5. If Elton John is/was/hadn’t been not one of those artist that changes with time his musical career would have been stopped many years ago.

EX.2. Choose the right answer:

1. I said/told the driver I wanted to stop.

2. Everybody said/told the hotel was beautiful.

3. Ann said/told that she would wait at the bus stop.

4. Nobody said/told me the agency was closed.

5. Why didn’t you say/tell the tickets were expensive?

6. My mother said/told there was a letter from Paris.

7. I didn’t say/tell the waiter he couldn’t pay.

8. She said/told the guide she wanted to see the beach.

9. He said/told us he had forgotten the keys from the room.

10. I said/told Martin TV wasn’t working.

Ex.3.Finish the sentences using conditional sentences:

1. If people could travel to the Moon….

2. If you could travel without your luggage…

3. If your boss asked you to live in China…

4. If you are late…

5. If I had a tour firm…

Ex.4. Ask questions to the linking words:

1. Drinks here are very expensive — £6 for a spirit and mixer, £2.50 for a half-pint of beer.

2. The price level for hotel services is quite different.

3. Hundreds of hotels built in Russia during the Soviet era have already been reconstructed.

4. The hotel infrastructure in Russia is developed quite actively.

5. These are many hotels, motels, health resorts, holiday hotels, rest bases and tourist hostels, small vessels in bays, motor-ships serving as hotels.

Ex.5. Translate from Russian into English:

1. Номер уберут, когда проживающие его освободят.

2. Вам вручили приглашение на День Туризма?

3. Сообщают, что группа туристов пострадала в результате террористического акта в Сочи.

4. Этот район Швейцарии особенно популярен среди туристов из других стран.

5. За нашим путешествием с большим интересом следили миллионы телезрителей.

6. О нашем ребенке будут хорошо присматривать аниматоры отеля.

7. Мне рассказали, что скоро начнется знаменитый маскарад в Бразилии.

8. Мы надеялись уже в следующем году посетить Прагу.

9. Наша группа делает все, чтобы привлекать клиентов.

10. Разве вам не сказали, что вы будете проживать в трехзвездочной гостинице?

Ex.6. Translate from English into Russian:

Russia makes its mark as a tourism-friendly country Russia

Russia is traditionally perceived as the country of the Bolshoi Theatre, the Red Square in Moscow, matryoshka wooden dolls, St. Petersburg “white nights”; as the land of Pushkin, Tolstoy, Chekhov and Dostoevsky. But while culture continues to be a major draw for foreign visitors, the country is also seeing growth in other areas of tourism, says Vladimir Strzhalkovskiy, Deputy Minister of Economic Development and Trade of the Russian Federation and current Chairman of the WTO Executive Council.

Encouraging people to visit this “exciting and vast country with a great culture, unique nature and hospitable people,” he points out that tourism is progressing there in a stable yet dynamic manner. The Russian Government has stepped up national promotion and is actively seeking tourism investments, in particular, in the hotel sector.

This year the country has been celebrating the 300-th anniversary of the founding of St. Petersburg, with the city seeing many new hotels and restaurants opening to receive visitors eager to see the results of recent restoration work carried out on historic monuments and heritage sites.

Many tourists have moved on to see the old Russian ‘Golden Ring’ of towns which surround Moscow, to visit the country’s numerous churches and monasteries, and museums which range from the world-famous Hermitage in St. Petersburg and the Tretyakov Art Gallery in Moscow to such unique places as the Mouse town of Myshkin and the Russian Vodka Museum in Uglich on the river Volga.