Лекция: Mac OS X

Mac OS X is a line of partially proprietary, graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Apple Inc., the latest of which is pre-loaded on all currently shipping Macintosh computers. Mac OS X is the successor to the original Mac OS, which had been Apple's primary operating system since 1984. Unlike its predecessor, Mac OS X is a UNIX operating system built on technology that had been developed at NeXT through the second half of the 1980s and up until Apple purchased the company in early 1997.

The operating system was first released in 1999 as Mac OS X Server 1.0, with a desktop-oriented version (Mac OS X v10.0) following in March 2001. Since then, six more distinct «client» and «server» editions of Mac OS X have been released, the most recent being Mac OS X v10.6, which was first made available on August 28, 2009. Releases of Mac OS X are named after big cats; the current version of Mac OS X is nicknamed «Snow Leopard».

The server edition, Mac OS X Server, is architecturally identical to its desktop counterpart but usually runs on Apple's line of Macintosh server hardware. Mac OS X Server includes work group management and administration software tools that provide simplified access to key network services, including a mail transfer agent, a Samba server, an LDAP server, a domain name server, and others.

Comments:

Domain name server – DNS, domain name server, the system that automatically translates Internet addresses to the numeric machine addresses that computers use

LDAP – Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, is an application protocol for querying and modifying directory services running over TCP/IP.

Minix – MINIX is a Unix-like computer operating system based on a microkernel architecture. Andrew S. Tanenbaum wrote the operating system to be used for educational purposes; MINIX also inspired the creation of the Linux kernel. Its name is a portmanteau of the words minimal and Unix.

Samba – is a free software re-implementation of SMB/CIFS networking protocol, originally developed by Australian Andrew Tridgell. As of version 3, Samba provides file and print services for various Microsoft Windows clients and can integrate with a Windows Server domain, either as a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) or as a domain member. It can also be part of an Active Directory domain.

19. Read the text again and decide whether the following statements are true (+) or false (-) ones. Correct the false statements:

1. Computer programs consist of data and information.

2. The software specifications often contain diagrams known as modules.

3. Software is written by professionals known as computer engineers.

4. Windows OS was developed in the early 1980s.

5. Applications software is loaded into the computer.

6. Systems software is not a permanent component of the computer.

20. Summarize the main ideas of the text using the following phrases:

1. This text concerns the problem of…

2. Currently under development is…

3. It is worth mentioning that…

4. The main idea of this text is…