Лекция: Количественные числительные.
One-1, Two-2, Three- 3, Four- 4, Five- 5, Six- 6, Seven- 7, Eight- 8, Nine- 9, Ten- 10, Eleven- 11, Twelve- 12, Thirteen- 13, Fourteen- 14, Fifteen-15, Sixteen- 16, Seventeen- 17, Eighteen- 18, Nineteen- 19, Twenty- 20.
Twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three etc.
Thirty-30, Forty- 40, Fifty- 50, Sixty-60, Seventy- 70, Eighty- 80, Ninety-90, (one) Hundred-100.
Two hundred- 200, Five hundred-500… (one) Thousand- 1000, Two thousand five- 2005.
1600-sixteen hundred, 4,350- four thousand three hundred and fifty.
Дробные числительные.
(one) half-1/2, (one) quarter-1/4, two thirds- 2/3.
0.1 [ou] point one, 2.45- two point four five, 35.67- thirty five point six seven, 1.5- one and a half.
Даты.
1900 – nineteen hundred, 1984 – nineteen eighty four, 1991 – nineteen ninety one.
1756 – seventeen fifty six, 2000 – two thousand, 2009 – two thousand nine, 2012 – two thousand twelve, in the year of 1812 – eighteen twelve.
Порядковые числительные.
The first – первый, the second – второй, the third – третий, the fourth – четвертый, the fifth – пятый и далее к каждому количественному числительному подставляем суффикс ‘th’.
The eleventh – одиннадцатый, the twentieth – двадцатый, the hundredth-сотый.
April 12, 2009 1. On the twelfth of April, two thousand nine.
2. On April the twelfth, two thousand one.
I was born (my birthday is) on May the tenth, nineteen ninety one.
5 Местоимения.
| Личные Местоимения Кто? Что? | Объектный Падеж Кому? | Притяжательные Местоимения Чей? | Абсолютная форма притя-жательного местоимения |
| I You He She It We They | me you him her it us them | my(book) your his her its our their | It’s mine yours his hers — ours theirs |
Поставьте в пропуск подходящие местоимения.
1. …likes …, but … don’t like …
2. …show(s) … … photos.
3. This is not … book, its …
4. … always take(s) … notebook.
5. ….tell(s) … a very interesting stories.
6 The Present Simple Tense.
Настоящее простое время.
Употребление:
1.Для выражения постоянно повторяющегося действия, происходящего вообще, а не в момент речи.
Sue lives in London.
2.Действия, происходящие по расписанию.
Classes start at 9 a.m..
3.Предпочтения
I don’t like westerns
4.Общеизвестные истины и законы природы.
The sun rises in the East.
| + | I, We, You, They | work |
| — | I, We, You, They | don’t work |
| ? | Do | I, We, You, They work? |
Where do you work? Why do they work here? Who works at an office?
| + | She, He, It | works |
| — | She, He, It | doesn’t work |
| ? | Does | She, He, It work? |
Where does she work? When does she work? Who works in the garden? Whose sister works?
Характерные наречия и словосочетания: always, often, sometimes, usually, once a week, twice a month, three times a day, rarely, never, every day.
Прочитайте и переведите предложения. Поставьте их в вопросительную и отрицательную форму.
1. He knows French perfectly.
2. I understand everything he says.
3. She makes mistakes in spelling.
4. They enjoy their English lessons.
5. The plane leaves at 10 a.m.
6. She often comes for classes late.
7. We live in Samara.
8. The students use these books at home.
Раскройте скобки, поставьте глагол в нужную форму.
1. We (read) newspapers every day. 2. He always (do) his homework carefully. 3. The boys (play) tennis on Sundays. 4. She (speak) several foreign languages. 5. Helen (work) very hard. 6. They (take) a lot of trips together. 7. My parents usually (travel) by car. 8. I (eat) lunch in the cafeteria every day. 9. Her sister (like) playing the piano. 10. The train (leave) for Moscow at 8 p.m.
Глагол ‘to have’, (has) для 3 лица ед. числа.
В настоящем времени кроме глагола ‘to have’, который обозначает – иметь, владеть, обладать используется оборот have got (has got), на русский язык переводится у меня, у меня есть, у него, у него есть и тп.
I have got a sister. I haven’t got a sister. Have I got a sister?
She has got a large flat. She hasn’t got a large flat. Has she got a large flat?
Поставьте в пропуск нужную форму глагола ‘to have’.
1. They …not got a Sunday house. 2. She … a large family.3. Tom … his lunch at 1 p.m. every day.4. The room …2 windows. 5. The students …3 classes on Mondays. 6.John …not got a new car.
7 Повелительное наклонение.
Приказание, команда. Go! Come here!
Просьба Repeat it, please.
Разрешение Show it to me. Put it back.
Совет Be careful. Take the bus 41.
Запрет Don’t take it. Don’t stop here!
Предложение, приглашение. Let me help you. Let us (let’s) go.
Переведите предложения на русский язык.
Be quick! Open the window, please. Sit down. Don’t sit here! Don’t be so shy. Take my bag, please. Let him do it. Don’t talk back! Let’s sing together. Give me your notes, please.
8 Оборот There is … There are.
Оборот служит для выражения наличия ( отсутствия ) какого-либо предмета (явления ) в определенном месте или в определенное время.
+ There is a big lake near my house. Возле моего дома большое озеро
16There is no big lake near my house. There isn’t a big lake near my house.
? Is there a big lake near my house?
+ There are two cups on the table. На столе две чашки
16There are no cups on the table. There aren’t two cups on the table.
? Are there two cups on the table?
Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Is there a river in your city? 2. Are there many questions? 3. There are two windows in my room. 4. There is no cinema in this street. 5. There are a lot of cars in front of the house. 6. What is there in your bag? 7. There is a picture on the wall. 8. There is a big parade today.
Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.
1.There is a flag on the top of the building. 2. There are a lot of new words in the text. 3. There is a bus stop near hear. 4… There are few students in the classroom. 5. There are beautiful armchairs in the hall. 6. There is only one way out. 7. There is a monument to Minin in the centre of Nizhny Novgorod.
9 The Present Continuous Tense.
Настоящее продолженное время.
Употребление:
1. Для обозначения действия, происходящего в момент речи.
The children are playing now.
2.Временные действия, т.е. происходящие не постоянно, а в момент речи.
The Browns are looking for new furniture at the moment.
3.Действия, которые произойдут в ближайшем будущем. Место и время проведения этих действий обговорены заранее.
She is flying to New York at 7 this evening.
‘to be’+ Ving.
+ — ?
I am looking / I am not (I’m not) looking / Am I looking?
You, they, we are looking / you, they, we are not (aren’t) looking / Are you, they, we looking?
He, she, it is looking / he, she, it is not (isn’t) looking / is he, she, it looking?
Характерные наречия и словосочетания: now, at the moment, at present, still, these days, nowadays.
Напишите предложения в вопросительной и отрицательной формах, переведите их на русский язык.
1. They are raveling in Europe now.
2. Ann is doing her housework at the moment.
3. The sky is getting dark.
4. I am speaking on the mobile now.
5. He is writing an e-mail at the moment.
6. Where are girls? They are having tea in the kitchen.
7. We are playing football this Sunday.
8. Listen! They are singing my favourite song.
Употребите глаголы в скобках в Present Continuous.
1. They (wait) for us on the corner now.
2. I see that you (wear) new suit today.
3. Look! It (begin) to rain.
4. Listen! Somebody (call) you.
5. She (visit) her friends in London at present.
6. My groupmates (have) a picnic now.
7. The students (meet) in the club today.
10 The Past Simple Tense.
Прошедшее простое время.
Употребление:
1. Для обозначения действий, которые происходили в определенный момент в прошлом.
Tom came home late yesterday.
2. Действия, которые повторялись в прошлом, но не происходят в настоящем.
When he was а teenager he liked hockey a lot.
3.Последовательные действия в прошлом.
At first Ann bought a cake, and then went to her grandma.
Правильные глаголы — Неправильные глаголы –
Enjoy + ed == enjoyed [d] to take – took
Smile + d = smiled [d] to get – got
Talk + ed = talked [t] to go – went
Dance + d = danced [t] to make – made
Start + ed = started [id] to tell – told
Translate + d = translated [id] to be – was / were
| + | I, we, you, they, he, she, it | Worked Went |
| — | I, we, you, they, he, she, it | Did not work = didn’t work Didn’t go |
| ? | Did | I, we, you, they, he, she, it Work, go? |
Характерные наречия и словосочетания: yesterday, last week, night, year; Sunday, summer. A month, two years ago, in 1812, 2001.
Глагол ‘to be’ в Past Simple.
+ She was very tired yesterday
-She was not tired yesterday
? Was she very tired yesterday?
+ They were busy last month
-They were not busy last month
? Were they busy last month?
Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы, переведите на русский язык.
1. Last month they were in Hermitage. 2. Yesterday she came for classes late. We stayed in Moscow all summer. 3. The students spoke to us in English. 4. Ann passed her examination well. 5. The meeting lasted for a long time. 6. They sat in the first row.
Раскройте скобки, поставьте глагол в нужную форму.
1. We ( work) in the garden all day yesterday. 2. I (listen) to her stories until 11 o’clock last night. 3. They (live) in France 2 years ago. 4. James (forget) to bring my textbook last week. 5. She (be) pleased to receive his letter. 6. The telephone (ring) twice but no one answered it. 7. My friend and I (talk) on the mobile for half an hour yesterday.
11 The Future Simple Tense
Простое будущее время.
Употребление:
1. Для обозначения действий, которые произойдут в будущем с такими глаголами как: think, expect, believe, be sure, be afraid …и с наречиями: perhaps, certainly, probably…I think it will rain today
2. Когда мы принимаем спонтанные решения.
I am thirsty, I’ll have a glass of water.
3. Когда речь идет об обещаниях, надеждах, угрозах, предупреждениях и тп. С глаголами hope, promise …
I hope the temperature will drop soon.
+ I, we, you, he, she, it, they will (‘ll) work
— I, we, you, he, she, it, they will not (won’t) work
? Will I, we, you, he, she, it, they work?
В письменной речи наряду со вспомогательным глаголом будущего времени will употребляется глагол shall для местоимений I, We.
Характерные наречия и словосочетания: Tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week, year, Monday, winter, tonight, soon, in a week, day.