Лекция: Суффиксы, обозначающие абстрактные понятия, процессы, действия, качество или состояние.

1.1Form nouns by means of the suffix –er / -or. Translate them.

Model: to work – worker (работать – рабочий)

to read, to lecture, to convert, to visit, to compose, to use, to teach, to support, to design, to dry, to ventilate, to heat, to inspect, to print, to translate, to generate, to act, to lead, credit, to drive, to interpret, to murder, to edit, to buy, to travel, to sail, to admire, to ski, to rob, to supply

1.2 –er / -ee

-er usually has an active meaning e.g. examiner (a person who sets an examination)

-ee usually has a passive meaning e.g. examinee (a person who takes an examination)

Put each of the following words in its correct place in the sentences below.

interviewer / trainer / employer / interviewee / trainee / employee

1 I was given a pay rise of £1,000 by my ________.

2 A football team normally has a ________ to keep the players fit.

3 A television ________ should always give the ________ a proper chance to express his or her opinions.

4 That company has 200 people working in its factory. My brother works there and I, too, am an ________.

5 At the moment he’s a management ________. If he’s successful, he’ll be given his first responsible position in January.

1.3Form nouns by means of the suffix –ing. Translate them.

Model:to draw – drawing

to read, to begin, to kidnap, to kill, to gather, to mean, to broadcast, to build, to coat

1.4Form nouns by means of the suffix –ist. Translate them.

Model: telegraph – telegraphist

special, social, geology, ecology, natural, style, cycle, strategy, physics, human, economy

1.5 –ist / -ianFrom the nouns below make other nouns describing people by adding –ist or –ianto the end and making any other necessary spelling changes.

Model: Brazil – Brazilian violin – violinist

motor, electricity, Paris, piano, history, art, politics, economy, bicycle, journal, magic, science, comedy, flower, music, archaeology, tobacco, terror

1.6Form nouns by means of the suffix –tion /-sion /-ssion. Translate them.

Model: to combine – combination

to inform, to divide, to decide, to convert, to construct, to interact, to collect, to penetrate, to gasify, to impress, to transmit, to permit, to express, to discuss

1.7Form nouns by means of the suffix –ment. Translate them.

Model:to attach – attachment

to measure, to move, to treat, to state, to improve, to agree, to equip, to announce, to pronounce, to require

1.8Form nouns by means of the suffix –ness. Translate them.

Model: black – blackness

thick, great, rough, guilt, bright, cold, exact, hard, effective

1.9Define the root of the following words. Translate them.

Model: production — product

scientist, reporter, operator, attachment, measurement, multiplication, beginning, division, radiator, relationship, brotherhood, illustration, leadership, kindness, shortage, difference, mixture, realist, relativity, leakage, usage, judgement, conclusion

1.10Find the equivalents of these nouns.

отражение, отблеск (reflect, reflector, reflection, reflective),

академик (academic, academical, academician, academy),

несчастный случай (accidentally, accidental, accident),

деятельность (activity, action, actionable, active, activate),

путешествие, поездка (tourist, tourism, tour, tourer)

забота, внимание (careless, careful, carefree, carefully, care)

истребитель, искоренитель ( exterminatory, exterminator, exterminate, extermination)